241. Which of the following was the founder of the house of Peshawar?
Correct Answer:-B ( Balaji Vishwanath )
Description:- Balaji Vishwanath was the founder of the house of the Peshwas in 1714. He was the first of a series of hereditary Peshwas hailing from the Marathi Chitpavan Brahmin family who gained effective control of the Maratha Empire during the 18th century. He is also called the second founder of the Maratha Empire.
242. The 1st Battle of Panipat was fought in the year :
Correct Answer:-C ( 1526)
Description:- The First Battle of Panipat was fought between the invading forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodi on 21 April 1526. The battle marked the end of the Lodhi dynasty and the beginning of the Mughal dynasty in India. This was one of the earliest battles involving gunpowder firearms and field artillery.
243. Who was the first Vijayanagar ruler to wrest the important fort of Goa from the Bahamanis ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Harihara II )
Description:- Harihara II (1377-1406) succeeded in thwarting the Bahmani-Warangal combine and wrested Belgaum and Goa in the west from the Bahmani kingdom in 1380. He wrested the Konkan from Bahamanis, thereby gaining control of the west Deccan coast all the way north to Chaul, source of rich revenues from trade.
244. Who was Akbar’s guardian ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Bairam Khan )
Description:- Bairam Khan was a powerful statesman and regent at the court of Humayun who later acted as the guardian, chief mentor, advisor, teacher and most trusted person of Akbar. Following Humayun’s death in 1556, Bairam Khan was appointed Regent over the young monarch Akbar. As regent, he consolidated Mughal authority in northern India and most notably led Mughal forces at the Second Battle of Panipat in November 1556.
245. In which of the Round Table Conference Mahatma Gandhi participated?
Correct Answer:-B ( Second Round Table Conference, 1931 )
Description:- Gandhi represented Indian National Congress at the Second Roundtable Conference that opened in London on September 7, 1931. Gandhi’s participation at the conference was facilitated by a prior settlement between him and Viceroy Lord Irwin known as the Gandhi–Irwin Pact. The Congress had boycotted the first conference.
246. Todar Mal, the brilliant revenue officer served under :
Correct Answer:-A ( Sher Shah )
Description:- Before serving Akbar, Todar Mal worked under Sher Shah Suri. He started his career from the humble position of a writer but slowly moved up the ranks when the Sher Shah Suri, committed him to the charge of building a new fort of Rohtas in Punjab. After the Sur dynasty was overthrown by the Mughals, he joined Akbar’s court.
247. Who is called as the ‘Prince of Moneyers’?
Correct Answer:-D ( Mohammad-Bin-Tughlaq )
Description:- Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq carried out several monetary experiments and has been called a ‘Prince of Moneyers’. In 1329-30, he introduced token currency under which copper and brass coins were to have the same value as silver coins. The idea failed as he had done nothing to curb its private and unauthorized issue and thus every house became a mint.
248. Who translated ‘Mahabharatha into Persian?
Correct Answer:-D ( Badauni )
Description:- The Mahabharata was translated into Persian at Akbar’s orders, by Faizi and Abd al-Qadir Badauni and named Razmnama. Razmnama is not an exact translation but a free Persian adaptation, as Badauni states. Badauni translated two of the 18 books. Badauni also translated the Ramayana.
249. Who built ‘Adhai Din Ka Jhopra’ or ‘A hut of two and a half days’ at Ajmer?
Correct Answer:-A ( Qutbuddin Aibak )
Description:- Adhai Din ka Jhonpra is an ancient Vaishnava Hindu temple which was constructed during 1153 A.D. and later converted into a mosque in the year 1193 by Qutub- ud- Din Aibak. It is located in the city of Ajmer, Rajasthan, on the mountain slope of Taragarh Hill.
250. Who built ‘Purana Quilla’ ?
Correct Answer:-B ( Shershah )
Description:- Purana Qila is one the oldest forts in Delhi. Its current form was built by the Afghan king Sher Shah Suri, on a site which was perhaps that of Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the Pandavas. Though Sher Shah began its construction, the monument was completed by his son Islam Shah.
251. The capital of Yadava Kings was
Correct Answer:-A ( Devagiri )
Description:- Devagiri (modern day Daulatabad in Maharashtra) was the capital of the Yadavs. It was built by first Yadav king Bhilan in 1187 A.D. The Yadavs of Devagiri were the descendants of the feudatory nobles of the Western Chalukyan (Chalukyas of Kalyani) Empire.
252. Panditraj Jagannath was the poet laureate of which of the following rulers?
Correct Answer:-B ( Shah Jahan )
Description:- Pandit Jagannath was a famous poet and literary critic in the courts of the Mughal emperors Jehangir and Shah Jahan. As a literary theorist or rhetorician, he is renowned for his Rasagagadhara, a work on poetic theory. He was granted the title of Paanditaraja by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, at whose court he received patronage.
253. Amir Khusro was a
Correct Answer:-A ( poet )
Description:- Amir Khusro was a Sufi musician, poet and scholar. He was an expert in many styles of Persian poetry which were developed in medieval Persia. He has written in many verse forms including ghazal, masnavi, qata, rubai, do-baiti and tarkib-band. Khusro was a prolific classical poet associated with the royal courts of more than seven rulers of the Delhi Sultanate.
254. The token currency using copper and brass coins was modelled after which country’s example by Muhammedbin Tuglaq?
Correct Answer:-C ( China )
Description:- While introducing token currency, Muhammad bin Tughluq was encouraged by Qublai Khan, the ruler of China and Ghazan Khan, the ruler of Persia who had successfully experimented with a token currency in their kingdoms. He introduced the Copper/ brass coins which were to pass at the value of the contemporary Silver Tanka.
255. Who founded the City of Delhi?
Correct Answer:-C ( Tamara )
Description:- The present-day Delhi was founded by Anang Pal of the Rajput Tomar dynasty in 736 A.D. It was then known as Lal Kot. As per the Prithviraj Raso of Chandabardai, Anangpal established the ‘Killi’ (nail) in Dhilli. From here, the name Dhillika came up which later developed in Dilli or Delhi.
256. Which Turkish ruler invaded India 14 times between 1000 and 1026 AD?
Correct Answer:-A ( Mahamud of Ghazni )
Description:- Mahmud of Ghazni, the most prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid Empire, invaded and plundered India seventeen times between 1000 and 1027 A.D. In 1027 AD, he invaded the famous Somnath temple in Gujarat. The main aim of his frequent invasions was to obtain wealth.
257. Who was the elder brother of Shah Shuja and Murad Baksh ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Dara Shikoh )
Description:- Shah Shuja (1616–1661) and Murad Baksh (1624– 1661) were the second and sixth sonsrespectively of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and his Empress consort Mumtaz Mahal. Aurangzeb (1618–1707), the third son, was elder to Murad Baksh, but younger to Shah Shuja. Dara Shikoh (1615–1659) was the eldest among the six sons of Shahjahan.
258. Which battle led to the downfall of the Vijayanagar empire?
Correct Answer:-B ( Battle of Talikota )
Description:- The Battle of Talikota (26 January 1565) was a watershed battle fought between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Deccan sultanatesof Ahmednagar, Bijapur, Golkonda, Berar and Bidar. It ended in the defeat of Vijayanagara, resulting in its subsequent weakening.
259. Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh of Jaipur had not built the observatory at ____
Correct Answer:-B ( Allahabad )
Description:- Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh built five observatories at Delhi, Mathura, Varanasi, Ujjain and Jaipur. Relying primarily on Indian astronomy, these buildings were used to accurately predict eclipses and other astronomical events. Only the one at Jaipur is still operational.
260. An agricultural department known as ‘Diwan-i-kohi’ was created by:
Correct Answer:-A ( Mohammad-bin-Tughlaq )
Description:- To improve cultivation in the Doab, Muhammad bin Tughlaq set up a separate agriculture department called diwan-i-amir-kohi. The department divided the Doab into development blocs headed by an official who would give loans to farmers and engage them in the cultivation of superior crops.
261. Which one of the following painters of Jahangir’s reign was conferred the title of Nadir-ul-Asra’?
Correct Answer:-B ( Mansur )
Description:- Ustad Mansur was given the title of Nadir-ul-asra (Unequalled of the age) by Jahangir. Mansur used to make paintings during the reign of Jahangir’s father Akbar as well, but he made fabulous paintings only during Jahangir’s time. Although largely known for his natural history illustrations, he also portrayed people in various manuscript illustrations.
262. Which monument is in pink colour?
Correct Answer:-B ( Hawa Mahal )
Description:- Hawa Mahal (‘Palace of Winds’) is a palace in Jaipur that is built in red and pink coloured sand stone, in keeping with the décor of the other monuments in the city. Its colour is a full testimony to the epithet of ‘Pink City’ given to Jaipur. It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh.
263. Who applied the concept of guerrilla warfare in India in 17th Century?
Correct Answer:-A ( Shivaji )
Description:- Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is regarded as the first to use guerrilla warfare in its modern form in India. he started guerrilla warfare against the Mughals and other powers in 1645 leading to establishment of the Maratha state in 1674. Shivaji perfected the art of evasion, retreat and counterattack and made the Mughal army pay a heavy price for attacking him.
264. __________was the first Muslim ruler of Delhi.
Correct Answer:-C ( Qutub-ud-din-Aibak )
Description:- Qutb-ud-din Aibak, a former slave of Muhammad Ghori, was the first sultan of Delhi. He founded the Mamluk Dynasty or Slave Dynasty that was the first of five unrelated dynasties to rule India’s Delhi Sultanate from 1206 to 1290. He ruled from 1206 to 1210 A.D.
265. The Grand Trunk Road built by Sher Shah Suri connects:
Correct Answer:-C ( Lahore–East Bengal )
Description:- The Grand Trunk Road of Sher Shah Suri runs from Chittagong, Bangladesh, west to Howrah, West Bengal in India, then across Northern India through Delhi, passing from Amritsar to Lahore in Pakistan, further up to Kabul in Afghanistan.
266. Which among the following foreign countries was the first one to trade with India?
Correct Answer:-D ( Portugal )
Description:- Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama’s discovery of a new sea route to India in 1498 paved the way for European commerce with India. This led to the beginning of trade relations between the two countries. The Portuguese soon set up trading-posts in Goa, Daman, Diu and Bombay. The next to arrive were the Dutch, the British—who set up a trading-post in the west-coast port of Surat in 1619—and the French.
267. Which monument is known as the ‘Dream in Stones’?
Correct Answer:-D ( Panch Mahal )
Description:- The Panch Mahal, one of the most famous structures of Fatehpur Sikri, is known as ‘dream in stone’ (Discover with Derek by Derek O’Brien). It was built by Akbar for Mughal women and ladies of the harem. Akbar’s grandson Shahjahan built ‘dream in marble’ (Taj Mahal).
268. The foreign traveller who visited India during the reign of Shahjahan was
Correct Answer:-D ( Manucci )
Description:- Italian traveller Nicolao Manucci (1653-1708 AD) visited India during the reign of Mughal emperor Shahjahan. Manucci had first-hand knowledge of the Mughal court, and his work ‘Storia do Mogor’ is considered to be the most detailed account of the Mughal court. It is an important account of the time of the later reign of Shah Jahan and of the reign of Aurangzeb.
269. Abdul Fazal was the son of which Sufi saint?
Correct Answer:-A ( Sheikh Mubarak )
Description:- Abdul Fazal was the son of Sheikh Mubarak Nagori. Abdul Fazal was the vizier of the Mughal emperor Akbar, and author of the Akbarnama, the official history of Akbar’s reign in three volumes and a Persian translation of the Bible. He was also one of the Nine Jewels (Navaratnas) of Akbar’s royal court and the brother of Faizi, the poet laureate of emperor Akbar.
270. Which dynasty was ruling in Vijaynagar empire at the time of the Battle of Talikota?
Correct Answer:-C ( Tuluva )
Description:- The Battle of Talikota was a watershed battle fought between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Deccan sultanates. Sadasiva Raya of Tuluva dynasty was the ruler of Vijayanagara then. Sadasiva Raya was a puppet ruler; the real power was exercised by his minister Rama Raya. The battle ended in the defeat of Vijayanagara, resulting in its subsequent weakening.
