Ecology and Bio-geography Gk Questions

Correct Answer:-A ( Biome)
Description:-  Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. Some parts of the earth have more or less the same kind of abiotic and biotic factors spread over a large area, creating a typical ecosystem over that area. Such major ecosystems are termed as biomes. Biomes are defined by factors such as plant structures (such as trees, shrubs, and grasses), leaf types (such as broadleaf and needleleaf), plant spacing (forest, woodland, savanna), and climate. Major biomes include deserts, forests, grasslands, tundra, and several types of aquatic environments. Each biome consists of many ecosystems whose communities have adapted to the small differences in climate and the environment inside the biome.

Correct Answer:-D ( aquarium )
Description:-  An artificial ecosystem is one created by people. You can create an artificial ecosystem in an aquarium or terrarium. Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward is credited as the inventor of the terrarium, which he accidently created in 1829.

Correct Answer:-B ( Ocean )
Description:-  Ecosystem can be natural or man-made, large or small, permanent or temporary, complete or incomplete. Natural ecosystem. It is an ecosystem developed under natural conditions without any appreciable human interference. Natural ecosystem can be terrestrial (e.g., forest, desert, grassland) or aquatic (e.g., fresh water, lake, pond, river, sea). Oceans constitute the most stable ecosystem.

Correct Answer:-C ( a living community and its environment. )
Description:-  An ecosystem consists of communities of many different species living together, and all the the physical aspects of the particular habitat, such as like soil, water, and weather.

Correct Answer:-C ( Carbon-di-Oxide )
Description:-  A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.

Correct Answer:-A ( Biological system )
Description:-  An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system. These components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. They are biological system in the sense that they represent recurring groups of biological communities that are found in similar physical environments and are influenced by similar dynamic ecological processes, such as fire or flooding.

Correct Answer:-D ( Gonds )
Description:-  In paleo-geography, Gondwana, originally Gondwanaland, was the southernmost of two supercontinents that were part of the Pangaea supercontinent. It existed from approximately 510 to 180 million years ago. It included most of the landmasses in today’s Southern Hemisphere, including Antarctica, South America, Africa, Madagascar and the Australian continent, as well as the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent, which have now moved entirely into the Northern Hemisphere.

Correct Answer:-D ( More than 200 cm )
Description:-  Tropical evergreen forests are usually found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and having a temperature of 15 °C to 30 °C. They occupy about seven per cent of the Earth’s land surface and harbour more than half of the world’s plants and animals.

Correct Answer:-C ( coastal swamps )
Description:-  Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. There are about 80 different species of mangrove trees. All of these trees grow in areas with low-oxygen soil, where slow-moving waters allow fine sediments to accumulate.

Correct Answer:-C ( Tropical deciduous forests )
Description:-  The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Deciduous trees predominate in most of these forests, and during the drought a leafless period occurs, which varies with species type. Teak and Sal, along with mango, bamboo, and rosewood, belong to the moist deciduous forests which shed their leaves in the dry season.

Correct Answer:-A ( soil, water and temperature )
Description:-  Soil, water and climate of a region are the three primary factors significantly influencing the vegetation of a region. Such factors as depth, texture, and humus content of the soil determine the type of vegetation that can be supported in a region. Again, any vegetation needs moisture to survive and this explains the range which varies from evergreen forests to shrubs. Temperature also plays crucial role in plant growth and development with extremes on either end affecting plant growth severely.

Correct Answer:-A ( A living community and its environment )
Description:-  An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system. These components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.

Correct Answer:-A ( Sun )
Description:-  An ecosystem is a community of living and nonliving things that work together. It includes soil, atmosphere, heat and light from the sun, water and living organisms.

Correct Answer:-C ( National Park )
Description:-  A National Park is an area which is strictly reserved for the welfare of wildlife and where activities such as forestry, grazing or cultivation are not allowed. Private ownership, rights and habitat, manipulation are not permitted in a national park. There are 103 national parks in India covering an area of 40,500 km2, which is 1.23%’ of the geographical area of the country.

Correct Answer:-A ( absorption of carbon dioxide )
Description:-  Forests are considered as sinks of carbon dioxide. A carbon sink is anything that absorbs more carbon that it releases, whilst a carbon source is anything that releases more carbon than is absorb. It is for this reason that they are indispensable in the present global scenario marked by increasing global warming and climate change.

Correct Answer:-A ( Sanitary landfilling )
Description:-  Sanitary landfills are low lying sites where waste is isolated from the environment until it is safe. It is considered when it has completely degraded biologically, chemically and physically. In high-income countries, the level of isolation achieved may be high.

Correct Answer:-C ( Increasing population )
Description:-  Deforestation is a consequence of a quantum jump in population and the consequent over-exploitation of our natural ecosystems for space, energy and materials. Expanding agriculture due to a burgeoning population base is one of the most important causes of deforestation. As demands on agricultural products rise more and more land is brought under cultivation for which forests are cleared, grass-lands ploughed, uneven grounds leveled, marshes drained and even land under water is reclaimed.

Correct Answer:-C ( Trapping of solar energy due to atmospheric carbon dioxide )
Description:-  The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases such as Carbon dioxide, and is re-radiated in all directions. Since part of this re-radiation is back towards the surface and the lower atmosphere, it results in an elevation of the average surface temperature above what it would be in the absence of the gases. Human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels and clearing of forests, have intensified the natural greenhouse effect, causing global warming.

Correct Answer:-A ( climate and natural vegetation )
Description:-  A Natural region is a basic geographic unit. Usually it is a region which is distinguished by its common natural features of geography, geology and climate. The surface of the Earth is divided into twelve natural regions. These regions have been categorized on the basis of surface features, climate and vegetation.

Correct Answer:-D ( All of the above )
Description:-  Projections of future climate change suggest further global warming, sea level rise, and an increase in the frequency and severity of some extreme weather events. Over the next several millennia, even if emissions were drastical ly reduced, global temperatures would remain close to their highest level for at least 1,000 years. The coast will suffer severe impacts from sea level rise.

Correct Answer:-D ( understanding the delicate balance in the relative number of organisms )
Description:-  Ecological balance is a state of dynamic equilibrium within a community of organisms in which genetic, species and ecosystem diversity remain relatively stable, subject to gradual changes through natural succession.” In other words, it refers to stable balance in the numbers of each species in an ecosystem. So to maintain this balance, the delicate balance between the organisms constituting and ecosystem should be understood.

Correct Answer:-B ( Energy )
Description:-  Ecosystems contain essentially two kinds of commodities: matter (nutrients) and energy. Material nutrients cycle through the biotic and abiotic parts of the ecosystem, available for repeated use by the organisms in the ecosystem’s community. However, energy enters an ecosystem by being used to convert low-energy carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrate, then passes through one or more of the organisms of the community, and is then lost to the ecosystem. Eventually, all of the energy that enters the ecosystem is lost in the form of heat.

Correct Answer:-B ( Energy )
Description:-  Energy enters an ecosystem by being used to convert low-energy carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrate, then passes through one or more of the organisms of the community, and is then lost to the ecosystem. Eventually, all of the energy that enters the ecosystem is lost in the form of heat.

Correct Answer:-D ( Equatorial regions )
Description:-  The rubber plant grows wild in the equatorial regions of the world which are marked by rainfall of around 250 cm evenly distributed without any marked dry season and with at least 100 rainy days per year; temperature range of about 20°C to 34°C with a monthly mean of 25°C to 28°C; and high atmospheric humidity of around 80%’.The three largest producing countries, Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia, together account for around 72%’ of all natural rubber production.

Correct Answer:-C ( Mangrove forest )
Description:-  Tidal forest is also called Mangrove forest.

Correct Answer:-C ( biome )
Description:-  Biome is a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna adapted to the particular conditions in which they occur. For example, Tundra region.

Correct Answer:-A ( Zone of soil, water and air around earth capable of supporting the flora and fauna. )
Description:-  Biosphere refers to that portion of the Earth which is occupied by the various forms of life, in addition to the three main physical zones, the Lithosphere, the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere.

Correct Answer:-A ( Mercury )
Description:-  Mercury causes biomagnification problem in the ecosystem.

Correct Answer:-A ( 7)
Description:-  Although tropical forests cover less than 7%’ of the earth’s surface they are home to approximately 50%’ of all living things on earth.

Correct Answer:-B ( traps the air and keeps them warm )
Description:-  The fur of the animals living in colder regions traps the air and keeps them warm.