Indian Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Gk Questions

Correct Answer:-C ( Tamil Nadu )
Description:-  India is today the second largest wheat producer in the whole world. The major wheat producing states in India are placed in the northern part of the country. About 86 per cent of the India’s wheat production comes from 5 states of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh while three northern states of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana together supply about 72 per cent of the country’s wheat output. Tamil Nadu has not been known for wheat cultivation.

Correct Answer:-D ( Tea )
Description:-  Plucking and pruning are the methods employed in tea. Pruning is a vital operation for tea management to limit the top growth and to stimulate the growth of the bush. Pruning is a process to the tea bush at a certain height to control the vertical growth and allow it expanding horizontally for comfortable plucking with renewed and vigorous branching pattern. Some objectives of pruning are: to check the reproductive growth and provide stimulus for vegetative growth especially for the production of young shoot that constitute the crop; to remove the dead wear and unproductive wood; to renew the actively growing branches which can support the sufficient volume of maintenance foliage on it; to maintain the height and dead frame for economic plucking; to increase the growth hormone for vegetative growth; to derive store energy for the production of the growing shoot; and to reduce the incidence of pest and diseases which help to rejuvenate the bushes for the maximum cross production.

Correct Answer:-B ( Rice )
Description:-  Rice production in India is an important part of the national economy. India is one of the world’s largest producer of white rice, accounting for 20%” of all world rice production. India has the biggest area under rice cultivation, as it is one of the principal food crops. It is in fact the dominant crop of the country. The regions cultivating this crop in India is distinguished as the western coastal strip, the eastern coastal strip, covering all the primary deltas, Assam plains and surrounding low hills, foothills and Terai region- along the Himalayas and states like West Bengal, Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, eastern Madhya Pradesh, northern Andhra Pradesh and Orissa. India, being a land of eternal growing season, and the deltas of Kaveri River, Krishna River, Godavari River and Mahanadi River with a thick set-up of canal irrigation, permits farmers to raise two, and in some pockets, even three crops a year.

Correct Answer:-C ( Arabica )
Description:-  Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with the state of Karnataka accounting 53%” followed by Kerala 28%” and Tamil Nadu 11%” of production of 8,200 tonnes. Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. The four well known varieties of coffee grown are the Barista, Arabica, Robusta, the first variety that was introduced in the Baba Budan Giri hill ranges of Karnataka in the 17th century.

Correct Answer:-D ( Third FYP )
Description:-  The Introduction of High-yielding varieties of seeds and the increased use of fertilizers and irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution, which provided the increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains, thus improving agriculture in India. Genetically modified high-yielding wheat was first introduced to India in 1963 by Dr. Norman Borlaug. Third Five-Year Plan (1961–1966) stressed on agriculture and improvement in the production of wheat. Past experience with the previous two Plans had convinced the policy makers that rate of agricultural growth was the main hampering factor on the path to development. The Plan document thus declared that, ‘Agricultural production has, therefore, to be increased to the largest extent feasible.’

Correct Answer:-C ( Maharashtra )
Description:-  Amongst the onion producing countries in the world India ranks second in area and production, the first being China. Maharashtra is the leading onion producing state in India. The other major states producing onions are Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa and Karnataka. In India per hectare yield is highest in Maharashtra (21.55 MT/ha) followed by Gujarat (21.24 MT/ha), Haryana (20.37 MT/ha) and Rajasthan (15.24 MT/ha).

Correct Answer:-B ( Wheat )
Description:-  Kharif crop refers to the planting, cultivation and harvesting of any domesticated plant sown in the rainy (monsoon) season on the Asian subcontinent. Such crops are planted for autumn harvest and may also be called the summer or monsoon crop in India and Pakistan. Kharif crops are usually sown with the beginning of the first rains in July, during the southwest monsoon season. Examples include Millet, Paddy, etc. Rice is the main kharif crop. Other Kharif crops are sugarcane & cotton. Wheat is rabi crop.

Correct Answer:-A ( Assam )
Description:-  India is one of the largest tea producers in the world, though over 70%” of the tea is consumed within India itself. A number of renowned teas, such as Assam and Darjeeling, also grow exclusively in India. The major tea-producing states in India are: Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, etc. 78%” of the country’s total area under plantation is located in North Eastern India. Out of the total, 53%” is existing in Assam and 22%” in West Bengal. Assam is the major producer contributing about 53%” of the total Indian production followed by West Bengal (about 22%”).

Correct Answer:-D ( Tamil Nadu )
Description:-  Wheat cultivation in India traditionally been dominated by the northern region of India. The northern states of Punjab and Haryana Plains in India have been prolific wheat producers. While this cereal grass has been studied carefully in the past, recent years of painstaking research by India’s finest scientific talent has paid off with the development of distinctly superior varieties of Durum Wheat. Tamil Nadu does not cultivate wheat.

Correct Answer:-A ( Ratnagiri )
Description:-  Alphonso is a mango cultivar that is considered as one of the best in terms of sweetness, richness and flavor It has considerable shelf life of a week after it is ripe making it exportable. It is also one of the most expensive kinds of mango and is grown mainly in largest region of western India. The southern district of Ratnagiri and south northern parts of Sindhudurg in Maharashtra state, including regions around the Dapoli and Devgad Talukas, the southern districts of Valsad and Navsari in Gujarat state and particularly Alphonso mangoes from the Amalsad region (including villages such as Dhamadachha, Kacholi, and all villages of Gandevi) produce the finest quality of alphonso mangoes in India. Southern States in India are also major mango producing areas. From north to south, climatic changes occur which result in differences in the quality of the produce. In Gujarat and Maharashtra, the finest fruit comes from a patch of 20 km from the seashore.

Correct Answer:-B ( Darjeeling )
Description:-  Darjeeling tea is a tea from the Darjeeling district in West Bengal, India. It is available as black, white or oolong. When properly brewed, it yields a thinbodied, light-colored infusion with a floral aroma. Unlike most Indian teas, Darjeeling is normally made from the small-leaved Chinese variety. After the enactment of Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration & Protection Act, 1999) in 2003, Darjeeling tea became the first Indian product to receive a GI tag, in 2004-05 through the Indian Patent Office.

Correct Answer:-D ( moderate temperature and moderate rains )
Description:-  Wheat requires moderate temperatures (maximum 20-23 degrees Celsius and minimum 4-5 degrees Celsius) during sowing season and light rains in January for growth. High temperature and no rains lead to improper growth of the crop, early ripening and damages formation of grain. It thrives best in well drained loamy soil. Wheat is grown extensively in USA, Canada, Argentina, Russia, Ukraine, Australia and India. In India it is grown in winter.

Correct Answer:-A ( a the beginning of the South-West monsoon )
Description:-  Kharif crops refer to the planting, cultivation and harvesting of any domesticated plant sown in the rainy (monsoon) season on the Asian subcontinent. Such crops are planted for autumn harvest and may also be called the summer or monsoon crop in India and Pakistan. Kharif crops are usually sown with the beginning of the first rains in July, during the southwest monsoon season. In Pakistan the kharif season starts on April 16th and lasts until October 15th. In India the kharif season varies by crop and state, with kharif starting at the earliest in May and ending at the latest in January, but is popularly considered to start in June and to end in October. Examples include Millet, Paddy, etc.

Correct Answer:-B ( Rabi )
Description:-  Rabi crops refer to agricultural crops sown in winter and harvested in the summer season. The term is derived from the Arabic word for “spring”, which is used in the Indian Subcontinent. Rabbi season begins in autumn. The chief rabbi crops are wheat, barley, gram, pulses, linseed and mustard.

Correct Answer:-B ( Malabar coast )
Description:-  The Malabar Coast is a long and narrow coastline on the south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. The ports of the Malabar Coast have participated in the Indian Ocean trade in spices, silk, and other goods for over two millennia. It is famous for Pepper, Cloves, Cardamom, Kokum (Garcinia cambogia), Cinchona, etc.

Correct Answer:-C ( Milk production )
Description:-  Operation Flood in India, a project of the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) was the world’s biggest dairy development programme which made India, a milk-deficient nation, the largest milk producer in the world, surpassing the USA in 1998, with about 17 percent of global output in 2010–11, which in 30 years doubled the milk available per person, and which made dairy farming India’s largest selfsustainable rural employment generator. The Anand pattern experiment at Amul, a single, cooperative dairy, was the engine behind the success of the programme.

Correct Answer:-B ( Guaranteed maximum prices )
Description:-  The Introduction of High-yielding varieties of seeds and the increased use of fertilizers and irrigation are known collectively as the Green Revolution, which provided the increase in production needed to make India self-sufficient in food grains, thus improving agriculture in India. Genetically modified high-yielding wheat was first introduced to India in 1963 by Dr. Norman Borlaug. A proper facility of irrigation water was also key feature of the agricultural strategy behind Green Revolution.

Correct Answer:-D ( commercial grain farming )
Description:-  Monoculture is the agricultural practice of producing or growing a single crop or plant species over a wide area and for a large number of consecutive years. It is widely used in modern industrial agriculture and its implementation has allowed for large harvests from minimal labor. However, this ratio remains true only if the accounting for labor required is limited to the number of workers employed on the farm. If the indirect work of employees involved in producing chemicals and machinery are taken into account, the ratio of labor to output is higher.

Correct Answer:-B ( Punjab, Haryana and UP )
Description:-  In regional terms, only the states of Punjab and Haryana showed the best results of the Green Revolution. The eastern plains of the River Ganges in West Bengal also showed reasonably good results. But results were less impressive in other parts of India.

Correct Answer:-A ( fish production )
Description:-  Blue Revolution is the water equivalent of the green revolution and primarily refers to the management of water resources that can steer humanity to achieve drinking water and crop irrigation security.. In other contexts, it refers to aquaculture or fish farming. The term “blue revolution” refers to the remarkable emergence of aquaculture as an important and highly productive agricultural activity. Aquaculture refers to all forms of active culturing of aquatic animals and plants, occurring in marine, brackish, or fresh waters.

Correct Answer:-B ( Kerala –Tamil Nadu – Karnataka )
Description:-  India is the fourth largest producer of natural rubber accounting for 6.5 per cent of the total world production. Kerala is the foremost producer of natural rubber accounting for 89.21 per cent of the total area and 91.68 per cent of the total production of rubber in the country. Kottayam, Kozhikode, Ernakulam and Kollam districts are the main producers. Tamil Nadu contributes 3.43 per cent of the total area and 3.39 per cent of the total production of rubber in the country. Here bulk of the production comes from the Nilgiris, Madurai, Coimbatore, Kanniyakumari and Salem districts. Karnataka is the third largest producer of natural rubber in the country (area 2.70%”, production 2.16%”). Here, Chikmagalur and Coorg districts are the main producers.

Correct Answer:-C ( wheat )
Description:-  The novel technological development of the Green Revolution was the production of novel wheat cultivars. Agronomists bred cultivars of maize, wheat, and rice that are generally referred to as HYVs or “highyielding varieties”. In Indian context, wheat benefitted the most in such states as Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. There are also claims that the Green Revolution has decreased food security for a large number of people. One claim involves the shift of subsistence-oriented cropland to cropland oriented towards production of grain for export or animal feed. For example, the Green Revolution replaced much of the land used for pulses that fed Indian peasants for wheat, which did not make up a large portion of the peasant diet.

Correct Answer:-B ( Rice )
Description:-  The total area under irrigated rice is about 22.00 million hectares, which accounts about 49.5 per cent of the total area under rice crop in the country. Rice is grown under irrigated conditions in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Sikkim, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh and Gujarat. In these states, rice is grown under irrigated conditions more than 50-90%”.

Correct Answer:-B ( production of oilseeds )
Description:-  The growth, development and adoption of new varieties of oilseeds and complementary technologies nearly doubled oilseeds production from 12.6 mt in 1987-88 to 24.4 mt in 1996-97, catalyzed by the Technology Mission on Oilseeds, brought about the Yellow Revolution. The oilseeds production scenario in India has witnessed a dramatic turn. The country achieved a status of ‘self sufficient and net exporter’ during early nineties, rising from the ‘net importer’ state, with a mere annual production of nearly 11 million tonnes from the annual oilseed crops, uptil the year 1986,87. In a span of just a decade, an all time record oilseeds production of 25 million tonnes from annual oilseed crops was attained during 1996,97. This transformation has been termed as “The Yellow Revolution”.

Correct Answer:-B ( Gram )
Description:-  The crops of India are divided into mainly two types: (a) Food crops (b) Cash crops. Rice, wheat, maize, millet, barley, mower are the examples of food grains. Jute, cotton, sugarcane, oil seeds and rubber are known as cash crops. A cash crop is an agricultural crop which is grown for sale for profit. It is typically purchased by parties separate from a farm. Other cash crops are cashew, cotton, tea, rubber, gram, sesame, maize and mustard.

Correct Answer:-D ( Tea )
Description:-  Well distributed rainfall ranging around 2000 mm to 5000 mm is considered suitable for successful tea plantation. The monthly average maximum temperature ranging between 28°C and 32°C during April to September, with occasional rise upto 36° – 37° C is good for the plantation. Tea is planted in flat and slightly undulating land at elevation ranging from 20 to 250 m above sea level in major part of the plains of NE India. On hill slopes of Darjeeling and South India, it is planted upto a height of 2000 m above sea level. The state of Assam is the world’s largest teagrowing region. It experiences high precipitation; during the monsoon period, as much as 10 to 12 inches (250–300 mm) of rain per day.

Correct Answer:-C ( Barley and mustard )
Description:-  Kharif crops refer to the planting, cultivation and harvesting of any domesticated plant sown in the rainy (monsoon) season on the Asian subcontinent. Such crops are planted for autumn harvest and may also be called the summer or monsoon crop in India and Pakistan. Kharif crops are usually sown with the beginning of the first rains in July, during the southwest monsoon season. Common kharif crops are: millet; jowar; maize, green gram, sugarcane, pigeon pea, black gram, groundnut, sunflower, soyabean, rice, etc.

Correct Answer:-D ( shifting cultivation )
Description:-  Slash-and-burn is an agricultural technique which involves cutting and burning of forests or woodlands to create fields. It is subsistence agriculture that typically uses little technology or other tools. It is typically part of shifting cultivation agriculture, and of transhumance livestock herding. In slash-and-burn agriculture, forest will typically be cut months before a dry season. The “slash” is permitted to dry, and then burned in the following dry season. The resulting ash fertilizes the soil, and the burned field is then planted at the beginning of the next rainy season with crop such as upland rice, maize, cassava, or other staple crop. Most of this work is typically done by hand, using machetes, axes, hoes, and other such basic tools.

Correct Answer:-A ( growing of different crops in succession to maintain soil fertility )
Description:-  Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of dissimilar/different types of crops in the same area in sequential seasons. Crop rotation confers various benefits to the soil. A traditional element of crop rotation is the replenishment of nitrogen through the use of green manure in sequence with cereals and other crops. Crop rotation also mitigates the build-up of pathogens and pests that often occurs when one species is continuously cropped, and can also improve soil structure and fertility by alternating deep-rooted and shallow-rooted plants.

Correct Answer:-D ( Sugarcane )
Description:-  A plantation is a large artificially established forest, farm or estate, where crops are grown for sale, often in distant markets rather than for local on-site consumption. Plantation crops constitute a large group of crops. The major plantation crops include coconut, arecanut, oil palm, cashew, tea, coffee and rubber; the minor plantation crops include cocoa.