451. Who established the Indian Civil Liberties Union in 1936 ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Jawahar Lal Nehru )
Description:- Jawaharlal Nehru formed the first human rights organization in India, the Indian Civil Liberties Union (ICLU), in Bombay in 1936. While inaugurating ICLU, he said that the idea behind its formation was to have the right to oppose the government.
452. Which of the following was established first ?
Correct Answer:-B ( University of Bombay )
Description:- Benares Hindu University: 1916; University of Bombay: 1857; Aligarh Muslim University: 1875; and University of Allahabad: 1887.
453. Who gave the title of ‘Mahamana’ to Madan Mohan Malviya ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Mahatma Gandhi )
Description:- The people of India addressed him as ‘Mahamana’ meaning Most Respected. However, the honorific title was popularized and used for him by Mahatma Gandhi.
454. Who was the Viceroy at the time of Quit India Movement ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Lord Lin Lithgow )
Description:- The Quit India Movement was a civil disobedience movement launched in India in August 1942 in response to Mohandas Gandhi’s call for ‘Satyagraha’ (independence). Lord Linlithgow (1936-1943) was the Viceroy then.
455. ho was the other Congress leader who joined with Motilal Nehru to start the Swaraj Party in 1923 ?
Correct Answer:-B ( Chittaranjan Das )
Description:- In December 1922, Chittaranjan Das, Narasimha Chintaman Kelkar and Motilal Nehru formed the Congress- Khilafat Swarajaya Party with Das as the president and Nehru as one of the secretaries. Other prominent leaders included Subhas Chandra Bose, Vithalbhai Patel and other Congress leaders who were becoming dissatisfied with the Congress.
456. Who is known for establishing the ‘Anand Van’ ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Baba Amte )
Description:- Anandvan, located near Warora in Chandrapur district in the state of Maharashtra, India, is an ashram, and a community rehabilitation centre for leprosy patients and the disabled from downtrodden sections of society. It was founded in 1948 by noted social activist, Baba Amte.
457. Rowlatt Act 1919 was enacted during the period of
Correct Answer:-A ( Lord Chelmsford )
Description:- The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in London on 10 March 1919, indefinitely extending ’emergency measures’ enacted during the First World War in order to control public unrest and root out conspiracy. Lord Chelmsford (1916 to 1921) was the Viceroy of India then.
458. Constituent Assembly of India was formulated on the recommendation of
Correct Answer:-D ( Cabinet Mission )
Description:- The Constituent Assembly was set up while India was still under British rule, following negotiations between Indian leaders and members of the 1946 Cabinet Mission to India from the United Kingdom. The announcement of the Plan on May 16, 1946 was preceded by the Shimla Conference of 1945.
459. Who said ‘Truth is the ultimate reality and it is God’ ?
Correct Answer:-C ( M.K.Gandhi )
Description:- Gandhi was known to have considered truth something similar to that. Baruch Spinoza considered ultimate truth as the ultimate reality of a rationally ordered system that is God. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality – the moral laws and code – its basis.
460. Which of the following tribes is associated with the ‘Tana Bhagat’ movement ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Uraon )
Description:- Just like the Birsa’s religious movement among the Mundas, a similar religious movement gained among the Oraon known as Tana Bhagat. The movement was apparently initiated in 1914 by a young Oraon tribesman known as Jatra Oraon.
461. Who founded the Naujawan Bharat Sabha ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Sardar Bagat Singh )
Description:- The Naujawan Bharat Sabha was founded by Bhagat Singh in March 1926 and was declared illegal under the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1908 in September 1934. Its purpose was to help foster revolution against the British Raj by gathering together worker and peasant youth.
462. The Narendra Mandal or Chamber of Princes was inaugurated in 1921 by
Correct Answer:-C ( Duke of Cannaught )
Description:- It was by a royal proclamation that the Chamber of Princes was instituted on 8 February 1921. The inauguration ceremony was performed by His Royal Highness the Duke of Connaught in the Diwan-i-am of Red Fort on behalf of His Majesty the King Emperor.
463. Who is commonly known as the Iron Man ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel )
Description:- Sardar Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel was known as the ‘Iron Man of India’ or ‘Bismarck of India.’ He showed exemplary statesmanship in the integration of princely states with the Union of India.
464. Gandhiji withdraw the Non Cooperation Movement due to
Correct Answer:-A ( Chauri-Chaura Incident )
Description:- The Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn by Gandhiji due to violence in the Chauri Chaura incident. The incident involved the setting on fire of a police chowki (station) by a mob of angry citizens in 1922 which killed 22 policemen inside.
465. In 1937, an educational conference endorsing Gandhi’s proposals for ‘basic education’ through the vernacular medium was held at
Correct Answer:-D ( Wardha )
Description:- On July 31, 1937, Gandhi had published an article in the Harijan. Based upon this article, an all India National Education Conference was held on October 22 and 23, 1937, which was called the Wardha Educational Conference.
466. Gandhi’s Salt Satyagraha was a part of—
Correct Answer:-D ( Civil Disobedience Movement )
Description:- The Salt March which began with the Dandi March on March 12, 1930, was a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly in colonial India. It triggered the wider Civil Disobedience Movement.
467. The Peshwaship was abolished by the British at the time of Peshwa
Correct Answer:-D ( Baji Rao II )
Description:- Baji Rao II (1796-1818) was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy. It was during his time that the Peshwaship was abolished by the British and he was given a hefty pension.
468. By which Charter Act, the East India Company’s monopoly of trade with China came to an end?
Correct Answer:-C ( Charter Act of 1833 )
Description:- Under the Charter Act of 1833, the East India Company’s monopoly to tea trade and China trade was abolished. It was required to wind up its commercial business.
469. The idea of federation was first proposed in
Correct Answer:-D ( Nehru Report of 1928 )
Description:- The Nehru Report of 1928 said that India will be a federation which shall have a bicameral legislature at the centre and Ministry would be responsible to the legislature. Later the demand for federation was adopted by the different political outfits.
470. Pitts India Act of 1784 was a/an
Correct Answer:-B ( Regulating Act )
Description:- The Pitt’s India Act of 1784 was in the nature of a regulating act as it was intended to address the shortcomings of the Regulating Act of 1773 by bringing the East India Company’s rule in India under the control of the British Government. Pitt’s India Act provided for the appointment of a Board of Control, and provided for a joint government of British India by both the Company and the Crown with the government holding the ultimate authority.
471. Which one of the following statements is not true in respect of A.O. Hume ?
Correct Answer:-D ( He presided over the Congress Annual Sessions twice. )
Description:- Allan Octavian Hume was a civil servant, political reformer and amateur ornithologist and horticulturalist in British India. He was one of the founders of the Indian National Congress. Though it was he who emerged as the founder of the Congress, it had somehow never happened to Hume to preside over a plenary session even once.
472. Which of the following movements saw the biggest peasant guerilla war on the eve of independence?
Correct Answer:-D ( Telangana Movement )
Description:- The Telangana Movement was the biggest peasant guerrilla war of modern Indian history affecting 3000 villages and 3 million population. The uprising began in July 1946 and was at its greatest intensity between August 1947 and September 1948.
473. Gandhi’s concept of Trusteeship:
Correct Answer:-B ( Transforms the capitalistic society into an egalitarian one )
Description:- Trusteeship principle advocated by Gandhiji provides a means of transforming the present capitalist order of society into an egalitarian one. He envisaged trusteeship as a post capitalist arrangement which gives no quarter to capitalism, but gives the present owning class a chance of reforming itself (Gandhi Nehru And Globalization, p 7).
474. The Dandi March of Gandhi is an example of
Correct Answer:-A ( Direct Action )
Description:- The Salt March which began with the Dandi March on 12 March 1930 was an important part of the Indian independence movement. It was a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly in colonial India.
475. Which one of the following cities and the personalities associated with their establ ishment is wrongly matched ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Calcutta – Robert Clive )
Description:- Job Charnock (1630-1692) is traditionally regarded as the founder of the city of Calcutta. He was a servant and administrator of the English East India Company. Robert Clive established the military and political supremacy of the East India Company in Bengal.
476. Which one of the following wars decided the fate of the French in India ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Battle of Wandiwash )
Description:- Battle of Wandiwash, fought in January 1760, was a confrontation between the French, under Comte de Lally, and the British, under Sir Eyre Coote. It was the decisive battle in the Anglo-French struggle in southern India during the Seven Years’ War (1756– 63). The French were thoroughly beaten and were thereafter confined to Pondicherry.
477. For the annexation of which Indian Kingdom, the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ was not followed ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Punjab )
Description:- The East India Company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambalpur (1849), Nagpur and Jhansi (1854), Tanjore and Arcot (1855), Udaipur and Awadh (1856) using the Doctrine of Lapse. The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy purportedly devised by Lord Dalhousie.
478. Which was the earliest settlement of the Dutch in India ?
Correct Answer:-B ( Pulicat )
Description:- Dutch presence on the Indian subcontinent lasted from 1605 to 1825. Merchants of the Dutch East India Company first established themselves in Dutch Coromandel, notably Pulicat.
479. During British rule, who was instrumental for the introduction of the Ryotwari system in the then Madras Presidency ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Thomas Munro )
Description:- Thomas Munro is regarded as the father of the ‘Ryotwari system’ in Madras. In 1820, he was appointed governor of Madras, where he founded systems of revenue assessment and general administration.
480. Which one of the following novels was a source of inspiration for the freedom fighters in India?
Correct Answer:-B ( Anandmath )
Description:- Anandmath is a Bengali novel, written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and published in 1882. Set in the background of the Sanyasi Rebellion in the late 18th century, it became synonymous with the struggle for Indian independence from the British Empire. The nationalsong of India, Vande Mataram was first published in this novel.
