31. The Home Rule Leagu was started by
Correct Answer:-B ( Bal Gangadhar Tilak )
Description:- The All India Home Rule League was a national political organization founded in 1916 to lead the national demand for self-government, termed Home Rule, and to obtain the status of a Dominion within the British Empire as enjoyed by Australia, Canada, South Africa, New Zealand and Newfoundland at the time. Between 1916 and 1918, when the war was closing, prominent Indians like Joseph Baptista, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, G. S. Khaparde, Sir S. Subramania Iyer and the leader of the Theosophical Society, Annie Besant decided to organize a national alliance of leagues across India, specifically to demand Home Rule, or self-government within the British Empire for all of India. Tilak founded the first League in the city of Pune, Maharashtra.
32. When did the British Govt. start ruling India directly ?
Correct Answer:-A ( After the Battle of Plassey )
Description:- The British-administered territories in India were expanded in three successive waves. The first wave (A.D. 1757-66) brought under [direct] British rule Bengal, Bihar, and the Northern Circars along the north-west shore of the Bay of Bengal; the second (A.D. 1790-1818) brought the Carnatic, the Upper Ganges Basin, and the Western Deccan; the third (A.D. 1843-9) brought the Indus Basin. In the Battle of Plassey, a British army of 2800 British soldiers and sepoys routed a Bengali army of 100,000 men. Clive’s victories over the Bengalis and French made the British East Indies Company a major power in India, able to install its own candidate on the Mughal throne and claim the wealthy province of Bengal for itself. British power, plus the fact that their ‘honorable masters’ in England were 7000 miles and nine months travel away, left India wide open to exploitation by the company and its employees.
33. What did the Hunter Commission appointed by the Viceroy probe ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Jallianwala Bagh tragedy )
Description:- On 14 October, 1919, after orders issued by the Secretary of State for India, Edwin Montagu, the Government of India announced the formation of a committee of inquiry into the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. Referred to as the Disorders Inquiry Committee, it was later more widely known as the Hunter Commission. It was named after the name of chairman, Lord William Hunter, former Solicitor-General for Scotland and Senator of the College of Justice in Scotland. The stated purpose of the commission was to ‘investigate the recent disturbances in Bombay, Delhi and Punjab, about their causes, and the measures taken to cope with them’
34. Who was the Chairman of the Union Powers Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India?
Correct Answer:-D ( Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru )
Description:- On the 14 August, 1947 meeting of the Assembly, a proposal for forming various committees was presented. Such committees included a Committee on Fundamental Rights, the Union Powers Committee and Union Constitution Committee. The Union Powers Committee and the Union Constitution Committee was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru.
35. From where did Acharya Vinoba Bhave start the Individual Satyagraha in 1940?
Correct Answer:-B ( Pavnar in Maharashtra )
Description:- In October, 1940, Gandhi selected Vinoba Bhave as the first Satyagrahi-civil resister-for the individual Satyagraha against the British, and Jawaharlal Nehru was the second. Gandhi personally went to Pavnar Ashram to seek his consent. After obtaining Vinoba’s consent, Gandhi issued a comprehensive statement on 5 October, 1940.
36. Which British Governor General introduced Postage Stamp in India ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Lord Dalhousie )
Description:- Although the Indian Post Office was established in 1837, Asia’s first adhesive stamp, the Scinde Dawk, was introduced in 1852 by Sir Bartle Frere, the British East India Company’s administrator of the province of Sind. The first stamps valid for postage throughout India were placed on sale in October, 1854 with four values: 1/2 anna, 1 anna, 2 annas, and 4 annas. These stamps were issued following a Commission of Inquiry which had carefully studied the postal systems of Europe and America. The new system was recommended by the Governor-General, Lord Dalhousie and adopted by the East India Company’s Court of Directors. It introduced ‘low and uniform’ rates for sending mail efficiently throughout the country within the jurisdiction of the East India Company.
37. The first telegraph line between Calcutta and Agra was opened in
Correct Answer:-B ( 1853)
Description:- The history of Indian telecom can be started with the introduction of telegraph. The Indian postal and telecom sectors are one of the world’s oldest. In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbour. In 1851, it was opened for the use of the British East India Company. Subsequently, the construction of 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of telegraph lines connecting Kolkata (then Calcutta) and Peshawar in the north along with Agra, Mumbai (then Bombay) through Sindwa Ghats, and Chennai (then Madras) in the south, as well as Ootacamund and Bangalore was started in November 1853. William O’Shaughnessy, who pioneered the telegraph and telephone in India, belonged to the Public Works Department, and worked towards the development of telecom throughout this period. A separate department was opened in 1854 when telegraph facilities were opened to the public.
38. The original name of Swami Dayananda Saraswati was
Correct Answer:-D ( Mula Shankar )
Description:- Dayananda Saraswati was an important Hindu religious scholar, reformer, and founder of the Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement. He was the first to give the call for Swarajya– ‘India for Indians’ – in 1876, later taken up by Lokmanya Tilak. Since he was born under Mul Nakshatra, he was named ‘Moolshankar’, and led a comfortable early life, studying Sanskrit, the Vedas and other religious texts to prepare himself for a future as a Hindu priest.
39. The Swadeshi Movement was launched
Correct Answer:-A ( as a protest against division of Bengal )
Description:- The Swadeshi movement, part of the Indian independence movement and the developing Indian nationalism, was an economic strategy aimed at removing the British Empire from power and improving economic conditions in India by following the principles of swadeshi (self-sufficiency), which had some success. Strategies of the Swadeshi movement involved boycotting British products and the revival of domestic products and production processes. The Swadeshi Movement started with the partition of Bengal by the Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon, 1905 and continued up to 1908.
40. The 19th Century reawak-ening in India was confined to the
Correct Answer:-B ( Upper middle class )
Description:- The 19th century awakening in India was on the hand led by the very presence of the British rule in India and the education of the middle classes. The soil for the growth of Indian nationalism and political awakening was prepared by the socio-religious reform movements of the 19th century. Although the English educated class was a minority of the whole population of India but its influence and leadership could mould public opinion as the newspapers, educational institutions and the advocates of the legal courts were all greatly influenced by the opinion of this group.
41. Who was the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament?
Correct Answer:-A ( Dadabhai Naoroji )
Description:- Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the Grand Old Man of India, was a Parsi intellectual, educator, cotton trader, and an early Indian political and social leader. His book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India brought attention to the draining of India’s wealth into Britain. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895, and the first Asian to be a British Member of Parliament. He is also credited with the founding of the Indian National Congress, along with A.O. Hume and Dinshaw Edulji Wacha.
42. Who introduced the perma-nent settlement in Bengal ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Lord Cornwallis )
Description:- The Permanent Settlement was an agreement between the East India Company and Bengali landlords to fix revenues to be raised from land, with far-reaching consequences for both agricultural methods and productivity in the entire Empire and the political realities of the Indian countryside. It was concluded in 1793, by the Company administration headed by Charles, Earl Cornwallis. It formed one part of a larger body of legislation enacted known as the Cornwallis Code.
43. When was the first passenger train run in India ?
Correct Answer:-B ( April 1853 )
Description:- The first train in India had become operational on 22 December 1851 for localized hauling of canal construction material in Roorkee. A year and a half later, on 16 April 1853, the first passenger train service was inaugurated between Bori Bunder in Bombay and Thane. Covering a distance of 34 kilometres, it was hauled by three locomotives, Sahib, Sindh, and Sultan. This was soon followed by opening of the first passenger railway line in North India between Allahabad and Kanpur on March 3, 1859.
44. Who designed the national flag of Independent India ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Pingali Venkaiah )
Description:- The National flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolor flag, of India saffron, white and India green; with the Ashok Chakra, a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre. It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, when it became the official flag of the Dominion of India. The flag is based on the Swaraj flag, a flag of the Indian National Congress designed by Pingali Venkayya. During the National conference of Indian National Congress at Kakinada, Venkayya suggested that India should have a national flag of its own and Mahatma Gandhi liked this proposal. He suggested that Venkayya could come up with a design.
45. Which of the following European Colonisers did not have a settlement on the Eastern Coast of India ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Danish )
Description:- The Eastern Coastal Plains refer to a wide stretch of landmass of India, lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. These plains are wider and level as compared to the western coastal plains. It stretches from Tamil Nadu in the south to West Bengal in the north. Of all the foreigners who established themselves on the Malabar Coast the Danes were the least successful. There were several factors which brought to pass this eventuality. The limited resources of Denmark, with its inadequate manpower, were no match for those of their fellow traders like the Portuguese, the Dutch and the English.
46. In which session of Indian National Congress the tricolour flag was unfurled for the first time ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Lahore Congress, 1929 )
Description:- On December 31, 1929, the newly adopted tricolour flag was unfurled at the Lahore session of the Indian National Congress. At this session, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru as the newly elected president spoke the following inspiring words: ‘I have just unfurled the National Flag of Hindustan. What is the meaning of this flag? It is symbol of India’s unity. The flag under which you stand today and which you have just saluted does not belong to any particular section of society or community. It is the flag of the country. All those who stand today under this flag are Indians, not Hindus, not Muslims, but Indians. Re-member once again, now that this flag is unfurled, it must not be lowered so long as a single Indian, man, woman, or child lives in India.’
47. Which among the following regulations made English as a medium of education compulsory in government aided schools and colleges ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Macaulay Minute, 1835 )
Description:- Macaulay was Secretary to the Board of Control under Lord Grey from 1832 until 1833. After the passing of the Government of India Act 1833, he was appointed as the first Law Member of the Governor- General’s Council. He went to India in 1834. He served on the Supreme Council of India between 1834 and 1838. He introduced English education in India through his famous minute of February 1835.
48. During colonial period, British capital was mainly invested in :
Correct Answer:-C ( Agriculture )
Description:- Company rule in India brought a major change in the taxation and agricultural policies, which tended to promote commercialisation of agriculture with a focus on trade, resulting in decreased production of food crops, mass impoverishment and destitution of farmers, and in the short term, led to numerous famines. After the removal of international restrictions by the Charter of 1813, Indian trade expanded substantially and over the long term showed an upward trend. The result was a significant transfer of capital from India to England, which, due to the colonial policies of the British, led to a massive drain of revenue rather than any systematic effort at modernisation of the domestic economy
49. M. A. Jinnah, in his early political life–
Correct Answer:-B ( initiated Hindu-Muslim unity )
Description:- Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress (Congress) in the first two decades of the 20th century, initially advocating Hindu-Muslim unity and helping to shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress. Jinnah also became a key leader in the All India Home Rule League, and proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan to safeguard the political rights of Muslims should a united British India become independent.
50. Who among the following controlled maximum trade in the western coastal region during 17th century ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Portuguese )
Description:- The English, French and Dutch East Indies Companies (EIC’s) became active in Far East trading in a meaningful way about a hundred and fifty years after the Portuguese. They too set up their posts throughout the Indian Ocean. By the middle of the 17th century there were several thousand Portuguese and Indo Portuguese in India and a relatively small population of other Indo Europeans.
51. Who wrote ‘Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna Ab Hamaare Dil Mein Hai’ ?
Correct Answer:-B ( Ramprasad Bismil )
Description:- Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna is a patriotic poem in Urdu, written by Pandit Ram Prasad, ( pen name: Bismil ) he was an Indian Independence Movement leader, known popularly with Kakori Train Robbery, during British Raj in India. The poem was written as an ode to young freedom fighters of the Indian independence movement. It has also been associated with the younger generation of inter-war freedom fighters such as Ashfaqullah Khan, Shaheed Bhagat Singh and Chandrashekhar Azad.
52. Given below are the names of prominent leaders and their respective operational areas during the revolt period. Select the incorrect pair.
Correct Answer:-A ( Rani Laxmibai—Indore )
Description:- Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of the Maratharuled princely state of Jhansi, situated in the northcentral part of India. She was one of the leading figures of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and for Indian nationalists a symbol of resistance to the rule of the British East India Company in the subcontinent.
53. Who was the National leader who wrote History of India on the walls of the Andaman Cellular Jail ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Vir Savarkar )
Description:- Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was an Indian revolutionary and politician. He wrote more than 10,000 pages in the Marathi language. When in the Cellular jail, Savarkar was denied pen and paper. He composed and wrote his poems on the prison walls with thorns and pebbles, memorized thousands lines of his poetry for years till other prisoners returning home brought them to India.
54. The ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ was first applied to the Princely State of
Correct Answer:-A ( Satara )
Description:- The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy purportedly devised by Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General for the East India Company in India between 1848 and 1856. The company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaipur and Sambalpur (1849), Nagpur and Jhansi (1854), Tanjore and Arcot (1855) and Awadh(Oudh)(1856) and Udaipur using this doctrine.
55. The Indian Universities were first founded in the time of
Correct Answer:-C ( Lord Canning )
Description:- The University of Calcutta is a public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India established on 24 January 1857. By foundation date, it is the first institution in South Asia to be established as a multidisciplinary and secular Western style university. The school was founded in 1857 while Lord Canning was the Governor General of India. The Calcutta University Act came into force on 24 January 1857.
56. One of the following was not involved in the Chittagong Armoury Raid, 1934. Who was he?
Correct Answer:-D ( Dinesh Gupta )
Description:- The Chittagong armoury raid was an attempt on April 18, 1930 to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the Chittagong (in present-day Bangladesh) armoury in Bengal province of British India, by armed revolutionaries led by Surya Sen. The group was led by Masterda Surya Sen, and included Ganesh Ghosh, Lokenath Bal, Nirmal Sen, Ambika Chakrobarty, Naresh Roy, Sasanka Datta, Ardhendu Dastidar, Harigopal Bal (Tegra), Tarakeswar Dastidar, Ananta Singh, Jiban Ghoshal, Anand Gupta, Pritilata Waddedar and Kalpana Dutta.
57. Which of the following events made the English East India Company the legitimate masters of the Bengal Suba ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Battle of Buxar, 1764 )
Description:- The Battle of Buxar was fought on 23 October 1764 between the forces under the command of the British East India Company led by Hector Munro, and the combined Muslim army of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal; Shuja-ud-Daula the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal King Shah Alam II. The prime victim Shah Alam II, signed the Treaty of Allahabad that secured Diwani Rights for the Company to collect and manage the revenues of almost 100,000,000 acres of real estate which form parts of the modern states of West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh, as well as areas in the neighbouring country of Bangladesh. The Treaty of Allahabad heralded the establishment of the rule of the East India Company in one-eighth of India proper with a single stroke. The battles of Plassey and Buxar secured a permanent foothold for the British East India Company in the rich province of Bengal, and secured its political ascendancy in the entire region later to be named India.
58. Apart from the Quit India Movement which started on 9th August 1942, what other sensational activity of the freedom fighters was done on 9th August?
Correct Answer:-D ( Kakori Mail train ‘robbery’ )
Description:- Kakori conspiracy (also called the Kakori train robbery or Kakori Case) was a train robbery that took place between Kakori and Alamnagar, near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925 during the Indian Independence Movement against the British Indian Government. The idea of this robbery was conceived by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan who belonged to the Hindustan Republican Association or HRA, which became later the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association or HSRA after 1928. The robbery plan was executed by Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Chandrashekhar Azad, Sachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarthy, Manmathnath Gupta, Murari Sharma (fake name of Murari Lal Gupta), Mukundi Lal (Mukundi Lal Gupta) and Banwari Lal.
59. Which of the following treaties brought an end to the independent existence of Peshwa Baji Rao II ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Treaty of Bassein )
Description:- The Treaty of Bassein (Now called Vasai) was a pact signed on December 31, 1802 between the British East India Company and Baji Rao II, the Maratha Peshwa of Pune (Poona) in India after the Battle of Poona. The treaty was a decisive step in the dissolution of the Maratha Confederacy, which led to the East India Company’s usurpation of the Peshwa’s territories in western India in 1818.
60. Which Indian statesman used these magic words, ‘Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge ….’ ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Jawaharlal Nehru )
Description:- Tryst with Destiny was a speech made by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of independent India. The speech was made to the Indian Constituent Assembly, on the eve of India’s Independence, towards midnight on 14 August 1947. It focuses on the aspects that transcend India’s history. It is considered to be one of the greatest speeches of all time and to be a landmark oration that captures the essence of the triumphant culmination of the hundredyear non-violent Indian freedom struggle against the British Empire in India. The phrase ‘rendezvous with destiny’ was used by Franklin D. Roosevelt in his 1936 Democratic National Convention speech, inspiring the similar phrase ‘tryst with destiny’ by Jawaharlal Nehru.
