601. The first Muslim to be elected President of ‘Indian National Congress’ was?
Correct Answer:-C ( Badruddin Tyabji )
Description:- Badruddin Tyabji served as the first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress. He became the Congress President at its Madras session in 1887. One of the prominent leaders of the Congress in its earliest phase, he, along with Pherozshah Mehta, Kashinath Trimbak Telang and others, had formed the Bombay Presidency Association in 1885.
602. Gandhiji’s first Satyagraha in India was held at __________
Correct Answer:-A ( Champaran )
Description:- The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Mahatma Gandhi’s first Satyagraha in India. Gandhi took up the cause of hapless indigo peasants under the ‘Tinkathia system’ and waged satyagraha against the European indigo planters. Champaran Satyagraha was the first to be started, but the word Satyagraha was used for the first time in Anti Rowlatt Act agitation.
603. Who was the founder of the Indian Reform Association in 1870?
Correct Answer:-B ( Keshub Chandra Sen )
Description:- The Indian Reform Association was formed on 29 October 1870 with Keshub Chandra Sen as President. It represented the secular side of the Brahmo Samaj and included many who did not belong to the Brahmo Samaj. It was formed to promote ‘the social and moral reformation of the natives of India.’
604. Who was the founder of the Theosophical society of India?
Correct Answer:-A ( Annie Besant )
Description:- The Theosophical Society was first founded by a Russian lady, Madam H.P. Blavatsky and a former English army officer, Colonel H. S. Olcott in the United States of America in 1875. Under their inspiration, the Theosophical Society of India came into being at Adyar in Madras in 1886. Mrs. Annie Besant joined the society in 1889 and it infused new vigor and strength to it.
605. Who was the first Indian to be elected as the leader of the Communist International?
Correct Answer:-D ( M.N Roy )
Description:- M. N. Roy was a communist leader who was elected a full member of the Communist International in 1924, becoming the first Indian to achieve this honour. He was in charge of organizing the communist movement in Asia, including China. Roy also attempted to develop the revolutionary movement in India.
606. The ‘Cabinet Mission’ of 1946 was led by
Correct Answer:-C ( Sir Pethic Lawrence )
Description:- The Cabinet Mission that came to India on 24 March, 1946 was led by Sir Pethick Lawrence, Secretary of State for India. It also consisted of Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade and Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty. It was formulated at the initiative of Clement Attlee, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
607. What did Gandhiji meant by ‘Sarvodaya’?
Correct Answer:-C ( The birth of a new society based on ethical values )
Description:- Sarvodaya is a Sanskrit term meaning ‘universal uplift’ or ‘progress of all’. The term was used by Gandhi as the title of his 1908 translation of John Ruskin’s tract on political economy, Unto This Last, and Gandhi came to use the term for the ideal of his own political philosophy. In the Gandhian philosophy, Sarvodaya is the true panacea for all types of social or political problems experienced by Indian society. It represents the ideal social orderby bringing about a countrywide decentralization of both political and economic powers and providing opportunity for the allround development of the individual and the society. In short. Sarvodaya envisaged a new humanistic, simple, non-violent and decentralized socialist society with man at its centre.
608. Which of the following was not actively engaged in social and religious reforms in India ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Bharatendu Harishchandra )
Description:- Bharatendu Harishchandra was one of the greatest Hindi writers of modern India who is known as the father of modern Hindi literature as well as Hindi theatre. He was recognised poet, he was a trendsetter in Hindi prose-writing.
609. British achieved political power in India after which of the following ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Battle of Plassey )
Description:- After the Battle of Plassey in 1757, the British achieved political power in India. It marked a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies. The battle consolidated the Company’s presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.
610. Which Governor General decided to make English as the medium of instruction in India?
Correct Answer:-D ( Lord William Bentinck )
Description:- Lord William Bentinck introduced English as the medium of instruction in India in 1835. Acting on the recommendations of Macaulay’s ‘Minute Upon Indian Education’, he decided that the government would give support only to institutions of higher education that used English as the medium of instruction. He was supported by Raja Rammohun Roy in this endeavor.
611. What was ‘Komagata Maru’?
Correct Answer:-C ( A ship )
Description:- Komagata Maru was a Japanese ship that travelled from Hong Kong to Vancouver in 1914, carrying economic migrants who did not like their living conditions back in India. However, a majority of the passengers were not allowed to disembark in Canada, and the ship was forced to return to India.
612. Who was the reformer of oppressed and backward classes?
Correct Answer:-C ( Dr. B.R. Ambedkar )
Description:- B. R. Ambedkar campaigned against social discrimination against Untouchables (Dalits) and other oppressed classes. He injected a degree of self-respect to the backward communities and brought them into the national movement. He expounded the importance of a social reform that would abolish caste discrimination and the concept of untouchability in India and joined hands with Gandhi in the Harijan movement, which protested against the social injustices faced by people belonging to backward castes in India.
613. What was the Wood’s Despatch about ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Education )
Description:- Wood’s Despatch was a scheme of education that was proposed by Sir Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control of the East India Company, in 1854. It repudiated the ‘downward filtration theory’ and emphasized on the education of the masses and announced the duty and responsibility of the Government to provide education for the people of India. It is known as the Magna Carta of English Education in India.
614. Khilafat Movement was connected with which of the following?
Correct Answer:-A ( Turkey )
Description:- The Khilafat movement was an agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan of Turkey as Caliph of Islam after World War I. The movement occurred simultaneously with the Non-cooperation movement and was focused on increasing Hindu Muslim unity.
615. Who was known as the ‘Father of Indian Renaissance’ ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Raja Ram Mohan Roy )
Description:- Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as the ‘Father of the Indian Renaissance’. His efforts to protect Hinduism and Indian rights and his closeness with the British government earned him the title. He was the creator of the mental climate which contributed to the birth of Indian renaissance and was the pioneer of religious and social reforms.
616. In which of its sessions did the Indian National Congress declare ‘Purna Swaraj’ as its specific goal?
Correct Answer:-A ( Lahore Session, 1929 )
Description:- The Lahore session of the Congress passed a resolution declaring Poorna Swaraj to be its objective on 31 December 1929. It established the goal of the Congress as Purna Swaraj, or complete independence, rather than limited autonomy or dominion status.
617. Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das were the founders of a party known as the :
Correct Answer:-C ( Swarajya Party )
Description:- The Swaraj Party or Swarajaya Party was established by Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das in January 1923 after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress, that sought greater selfgovernment and political freedom for the Indian people from the British Raj. It was inspired by the concept of Swaraj.
618. Which of the following princely states did not accede to the Indian Union after independence?
Correct Answer:-A ( Hyderabad )
Description:- In the independence and partition of British India of 1947, the 552 princely states were given a choice to either join the new Dominion of India or the newly formed state of Pakistan. The Nawab of Junagadh, Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III,acceded to the Dominion of Pakistan on 15 September 1947. A plebiscite was conducted in February 1948, which went almost unanimously in favour of accession to India. Hyderabad was the last princely state to acceded to the Indian Union. Its Nizam Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII, refused to accede and instead declared independence. India had to conduct a military operation on 13 September 1948, called Operation Polo, to annex Hyderabad in what was termed a ‘police action.’
619. Who was the first Indian Governor General of Independent India?
Correct Answer:-B ( C. Rajagopalachari )
Description:- C. Rajagopalachari was the first Indian and last Governor General of Independent India. He served as Governor-General of India from June 1948 until 26 January 1950. He was not only the last Governor- General of India, but the only Indian national ever to hold the office.
620. Which of the following was not advocated by Mahatma Gandhi?
Correct Answer:-B ( Heavy Industries )
Description:- Gandhi believed that India lives in villages and that development of the villages will mean development of India as a whole. He was against the heavy industry city centric model of development that paid lip service to rural development leading to massive rural to urban migration. Gandhi rather believed in the overall development of the village economy as a whole.
621. One of the following was not associated with the Gadar party?
Correct Answer:-B ( Baba Gurdit Singh )
Description:- In 1913, Pacific Coast Hindustan Association was founded by Lala Hardayal with Sohan Singh Bhakna as its president, which was called Ghadar Party., Sohan Singh Bhakna, Kartar Singh Sarabha, Abdul Hafiz Mohamed Barakatullah and Rashbehari Bose were some of its key leaders. Baba Gurdit Singh was the central figure in the Komagata Maru incident of 1914.
622. Who was the first Indian to be elected as a Member of the British House of Commons?
Correct Answer:-B ( Dada Bhai Naoroji )
Description:- Dadabhai Naoroji was elected to the British House of Commons from the Finsbury Central Constituency in the elections of 1892. He was, thus, the first Indian and Asian to be elected as a Member of the British House of Commons. He was earlier unsuccessful in the 1885 elections from Holborn constituency.
623. What was Kuomintang ?
Correct Answer:-D ( A nationalist party in China )
Description:- The Kuomintang (KMT), often translated as the Nationalist Party of China or Chinese Nationalist Party, is a major political party in the Republic of China (ROC). It is currently the second-largest in the country. The KMT traces its ideological and organizational roots to the work of Sun Yat-sen, a proponent of Chinese nationalism and democracy. He was one of the major advocates of the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of a republic.
624. Who among the following from the first cabinet of indepenent India was responsible for mass religious conversion ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Dr. B. R. Ambedkar )
Description:- After publishing a series of books and articles arguing that Buddhism was the only way for the Untouchables to gain equality, Ambedkar publicly converted on October 14, 1956, at Deekshabhoomi, Nagpur. He took the three refuges and the Five Precepts from a Buddhist monk, Bhadant U Chandramani, in the traditional manner, and in his turn administered them to the 600,000 of his followers who were present. After receiving ordination, Ambedkar gave dhamma diksha to his followers. The ceremony included 22 vows given to all new converts after Three Jewels and Five Precepts. On 16 October, 1956, Ambedkar performed another mass religious conversion ceremony at Chanda.
625. The Bandung Conference was a major milestone in the history of :
Correct Answer:-A ( The Non-aligned movement )
Description:- The first large-scale Asian–African or Afro–Asian Conference—also known as the Bandung Conference— was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of which were newly independent, which took place on April 18–24, 1955 in Bandung, Indonesia. The twentynine countries that participated at the Bandung Conference represented nearly one-fourth of the Earth’s land surface and a total population of 1.5 billion people. The conference’s stated aims were to promote Afro-Asian economic and cultural cooperation and to oppose colonialism or neocolonialism by either the United States or the Soviet Union in the Cold War, or any other imperialistic nations. The conference was an important step toward the crystallization of the Non-Aligned Movement.
626. Where are the mortal remains of St. Francis Xavier housed?
Correct Answer:-C ( Basilica of Bom Jesus, Velha (Goa) )
Description:- The Basilica of Bom Jesus or Borea Jezuchi Bajilika is located in Goa, India, and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The basilica holds the mortal remains of St. Francis Xavier, a very close friend of St. Ignatius Loyola with whom he founded the Society of Jesus, the (Jesuits). Francis Xavier died on Sancian Island while enroute to continental China on (December 2, 1552). The body of Francis Xavier was first taken to Malacca and two years later shipped back to Goa. It is said that the saint’s body was as fresh as the day it was buried. The remains of the saint still attract a huge number of devotees (Christian and non-Christian alike) from all over the world, especially during the public viewing of his body every ten years (last held in 2004).
627. Who amidst the following great music composers was the ruler of a State ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Swati Thirunal )
Description:- Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma was the Maharaja of the state of Travancore in the first half of the 19th century. Besides being an able ruler, he was a patron of music and a musician himself. He encouraged both broad systems of Indian music, Hindustani and Carnatic music, though he was essentially a connoisseur of the Carnatic music tradition. He is credited with composing over 400 compositions in Carnatic music as well as Hindustani music. Some of his favorite compositions are Padmanabha Pahi, Deva Deva, Sarasijanabha and Sree Ramana Vibho.
628. Who was the architect of North and South Blocks of the Central Secretariat in Delhi ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Sir Edward Lutyens )
Description:- Edwin Landseer Lutyens had originally intended the Kingsway (Rajpath ) to slope up to the Viceroy’s palace. However, Herbert Baker, his colleague, felt it necessary to level the space between the two secretariat buildings, thus creating the great central vista called the North & South Block. The two secretariat buildings are raised on a plinth so as to be level with the Rashtrapati Bhavan. The secretariat buildings are now the offices of the Government of India. The Home affairs & Finance ministries are in the North Block and the Prime Minister’s office, External Affairs Ministry and the Defence Ministry are in the South Block.
629. Which amidst the following sites/monuments in India is NOT on the UNESCO’s list of World Cultural Heritages?
Correct Answer:-B ( Kashi Viswanath Temple )
Description:- Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva and is located in Varanasi, the Holiest existing Place of Hindus, where at least once in life a Hindu is expected to do pilgrimage, and if possible, also pour the remains (ashes) of cremated ancestors here on the River Ganges. It is in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The temple stands on the western bank of the holy river Ganges, and is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas, the holiest of Shiva temples.
630. Where was ‘tancho brocade’ developed ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Varanasi )
Description:- The following are considered to be the main characteristics of the brocade fabrics of Banaras: heavy gold work; compact weaving; figures have small details; metallic visual effects; pallus; jal and mina work. Banarasi brocade produced two sub-variants from its original structure namely: Katan and Tanchoi. Tanchoi has plain woven body with one color extra weft, one color weft and one color warp. Relative to the jamawar, it is lighter and softer. Tanchoi could be further classified into the following: Satan Tanchoi is the satin weave (four ends and eight picks or five ends and five picks satin) with the warp in one color and the weft in one or more colors.
