91. Who among the following visited Gandhiji in South Africa ?
Correct Answer:-C ( G.K. Gokhale )
Description:- Gokhale was famously a mentor to Mahatma Gandhi in his formative years. In 1912, Gokhale visited South Africa at Gandhi’s invitation. As a young barrister, Gandhi returned from his struggles against the Empire in South Africa and received personal guidance from Gokhale, including a knowledge and understanding of India and the issues confronting common Indians. By 1920, Gandhi emerged as the leader of the Indian Independence Movement. In his autobiography, Gandhi calls Gokhale his mentor and guide.
92. In which year Salt Satyagraha took place ?
Correct Answer:-B ( 1930)
Description:- The Salt Satyagraha started on March 12, 1930, with the undertaking of the Dandi Yatra (Dandi March). It was the next significant non-violent protest against the British, after the Non-Cooperation movement of 1920-22 and India’s First War of Independence 1857. The triggering factor for this movement was the British monopoly of salt trade in India and the imposition of a salt tax.
93. Through which Educational Report Calcutta University came into existence ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Wood’s Despatch )
Description:- Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control of the East India Company, did a yeoman’s job in spreading education in India when in 1854 he sent a despatch to Lord Dalhousie, the then Governor-General of India. It was recommended therein that universities on the model of the London university be established in big cities such as Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. In accordance with the wood’s despatch, Education Departments were established in every province and universities were opened at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1857 and in Punjab in 1882 and at Allahabad 1887.
94. Cabinet Mission came to India in the year
Correct Answer:-A ( 1946)
Description:- The British Cabinet Mission of 1946 to India aimed to discuss and plan for the transfer of power from the British Government to Indian leadership, providing India with independence. Formulated at the initiative of Clement Attlee, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, the mission consisted of Lord Pethick-Lawrence, the Secretary of State for India, Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade, and A. V. Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty. However, Lord Wavell, the Viceroy of India, did not participate.
95. Muslim League was founded in the year
Correct Answer:-C ( 1906)
Description:- The All-India Muslim League was a political party during the period of the British Rule which advocated the creation of a separate Muslim-majority nation. It was founded by the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference at Dhaka (now Bangladesh), in 1906, in the context of the circumstances that were generated over the partition of Bengal in 1905
96. The famous revolutionary song ‘Sarfaroshi ki tamanna ab hamare dil mein hai …’ was composed by
Correct Answer:-D ( Ramprasad Bismil )
Description:- Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna is a patriotic poem in Urdu, written by Pandit Ram Prasad, (pen name: Bismil ) he was an Indian Independence Movement leader, known popularly with Kakori Train Robbery, during British Raj in India.
97. The first Viceroy of India was
Correct Answer:-A ( Lord Canning )
Description:- Charles John Canning, known as The Viscount Canning from 1837 to 1859, was an English statesman and Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. In 1858 he was rewarded by being made the first Viceroy of India. In April 1859 he received the thanks of both Houses of Parliament for his great services during the rebellion. He was also made an extra civil grand cross of the Order of the Bath, and in May of the same year he was raised to the dignity of an Earl, as Earl Canning.
98. From which of the following Upanishads the words ‘Satyameva Jayate’ inscribed in Devanagari Script below the abacus of the State Emblem are ?
Correct Answer:-B ( Mundaka )
Description:- Satyameva Jayate (Truth Alone Triumphs) is a mantra from the ancient Indian scripture Mundaka Upanishad which is one of the earlier, ‘primary’ (mukhya) Upanishads, a genre of Hindu scriptures commented upon by Shankara. It is associated with the Atharva Veda. Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India. The origin of the motto is a well-known mantra 3.1.6 from the Mundaka Upanishad.
99. Lahore was Ranjeet Singh’s Political Capital. Which city was called his Religious Capital ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Amritsar )
Description:- Ranjit Singh, chief of the Sukerchakia misl, who first occupied Lahore (1799), the traditional capital of the Punjab, declaring himself Maharaja in 1801, extended his hegemony to Amritsar in 1805 when he took over the town from his traditional rivals, the Bhangi chiefs. Already in 1809 he had constructed the Gobindgarh Fort outside Lahauri Gate complete with a formidable moat, three lines of defence and several bastions and emplacements for heavy guns. Amritsar thus had already become his second capital. Ranjit Singh devoutly provided liberal funds to have the dome and exterior of the holy Harimandar goldplated and to have the interior ornamented with fine filigree and enamel work and with decorative murals and panels in marble inlaid with coloured stone.
100. ‘Permanent Settlement’, the system of revenue collection was introduced in India by
Correct Answer:-D ( Lord Cornwallis )
Description:- Lord Cornwallis concluded the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793. Permanent Settlement was a grand contract between the East India Company and the Landholders of Bengal (Zamindars and independent Talukdars of all designations). Under this act, the landholders and Zamindars were admitted as the absolute owners of landed property to the colonial state system. Not only them, the Zamindars and landholders were allowed to hold their proprietary right at a rate that never changed. Under this contract of Permanent Settlement, the Government could not enhance the revenue demands on Zamindars.
101. Who was the first woman President of Congress ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Mrs. Annie Besant )
Description:- Annie Besant was a prominent British socialist, Theosophist, women’s rights activist, writer and orator and supporter of Irish and Indian self rule. When World War I broke out in 1914 she helped launch the Home Rule League to campaign for democracy in India and dominion status within the Empire as a result of which she became the first woman President of the Indian National Congress at its Calcutta session in 1917.
102. The Simon Commission which came to India in February 1928 was boycotted because
Correct Answer:-A ( all its members were Englishmen )
Description:- The Indian Statutory Commission was a group of seven British Members of Parliament that had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform in Britain’s most important colonial dependency. It was commonly referred to as the Simon Commission after its chairman, Sir John Simon. The Simon commission was boycotted by Indians because they felt insulted and hurt that a committee appointed to decide the future of India did not include even a single Indian.
103. Who was the Chairman of the Partition Council ?
Correct Answer:-B ( Lord Mountbatten )
Description:- Before the Partition Council, a Partition Committee was formed which was chaired by Lord Mountbatten and its members were Vallabh Bhai Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Liaqat Ali Khan and Abdur Rab Nishtar. Later this committee was replaced by a Partition Council. In this council, Congress was represented by Sardar Patel and Dr. Rajendra Prasad, with C. Rajgopalachari as alternate member. Muslim league was represented by Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Liaqat Ali Khan and Abdur Rab Nishtar as alternate member. Even after 15 August 1947, this partition council was in existence. The Partition Council had the Governor General as its Chairman.
104. Gandhi’s inspiration for Civil Disobedience came from the writings of
Correct Answer:-A ( Henry David Thoreau )
Description:- Resistance to Civil Government (Civil Disobedience) is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau that was first published in 1849. In it, Thoreau argues that individuals should not permit governments to overrule or atrophy their consciences, and that they have a duty to avoid allowing such acquiescence to enable the government to make them the agents of injustice. Indian independence leader Mohandas Gandhi (a.k.a. Mahatma Gandhi) was impressed by Thoreau’s arguments.
105. The idea of Pakistan was first conceived by
Correct Answer:-A ( Muhammad Iqbal )
Description:- Muhammad Iqbal was a philosopher, poet and politician in British India who is widely regarded as having inspired the Pakistan Movement. Iqbal elucidated to Jinnah his vision of a separate Muslim state in a letter sent on June 21, 1937: ‘A separate federation of Muslim Provinces, reformed on the lines I have suggested above, is the only course by which we can secure a peaceful India and save Muslims from the domination of Non-Muslims. Why should not the Muslims of North-West India and Bengal be considered as nations entitled to self-determination just as other nations in India and outside India are.’
106. Who is generally acknowledged as the pioneer of local self-government in modern India ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Ripon )
Description:- Lord Ripon’s Resolution of 18 May, 1882 is hailed as the Magna Carat of government and got for him the title of ‘father of local self-government in India. The resolution on local self-government recognised the twin considerations of local government: (i) administrative efficiency and (ii) political education. The Ripon Resolution, which focused on towns, provided for local bodies consisting of a large majority of elected non-official members and presided over by a nonofficial chairperson.
107. After the Bardoli Satyagraha, the title of ‘Sardar’ to Vallabhbhai Patel was given by
Correct Answer:-C ( Mahatma Gandhi )
Description:- The Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928, in the state of Gujarat, India during the period of the British Raj, was a major episode of civil disobedience and revolt in the Indian Independence Movement. Its success gave rise to Vallabhbhai Patel as one of the greatest leaders of the independence struggle. While Patel credited Gandhi’s teachings and the farmers’ undying resolve, people across the nation recognized his vital leadership. Gandhi and his fellow satyagrahis called him Sardar for the first time, which in Gujarati and most Indian languages means Chief or Leader. It was after Bardoli that Sardar Patel became one of India’s most important leaders.
108. ‘Sati’ was abolished by
Correct Answer:-D ( William Bentinck )
Description:- The system of Sati was abolished in India during the governor-generalship of Lord William Bentinck. It was on 4 December 1829, when the practice was formally banned in all the lands under Bengal Presidency by Bentinck. By this regulation, the people who abetted sati were declared guilty of ‘culpable homicide.’ Under the British control, Jaipur banned the practice in 1846.
109. Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was called as ‘Mahatma’ by
Correct Answer:-D ( Rabindra Nath Tagore )
Description:- The honorific Mahatma (‘Great Soul’), was given to him in 1915 by his friend Rabindranath Tagore. He never accepted the title because he considered himself unworthy of it. There are several accounts to this story but generally it is believed that the poet Rabindranath Tagore called him Mahatma. Other story is that Nautamlal Bhagavanji Mehta or the Nagar Sheth of Jetpur was the first to use and bestow Mahatma for Gandhiji on January 21, 1915 at Kamri Bai School, Jetpur, India.
110. The ‘Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental College’ later became the
Correct Answer:-D ( Aligarh Muslim University )
Description:- Aligarh Muslim University was established by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan as Madrasatul Uloom Musalmanan- e-Hind, in 1875 which later became Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College (MAO College). It was designed to train Muslims for government service in India and prepare them for advanced training in British universities. The Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920.
111. ‘Poorna Swaraj’ (Complete Independence) was declared to be the goal of the Indian National Congress in its Session of
Correct Answer:-B ( Lahore, 1929 )
Description:- The annual session of Indian National Congress was held on the banks of river Ravi at Lahore in December 1929. Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru was the Congress President. The place where this session held was named as the Lajpat Rai Nagar. Nehru drafted the Indian declaration of independence.
112. Who was the author of the book My Experiments with Truth ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Gandhi )
Description:- The Story of My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, covering his life from early childhood through to 1921. It was written in weekly installments and published in his journal Navjivan from 1925 to 1929. Its English translation also appeared in installments in his other journal Young India. It was initiated at the insistence of Swami Anand and other close co-workers of Gandhi, for him to explain the background of his public campaigns. In 1999, the book was designated as one of the ‘100 Best Spiritual Books of the 20th Century.’
113. Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das were the foundermembers of the
Correct Answer:-D ( Swarajya Party )
Description:- The Swaraj Party, established as the Congress- Khilafat Swarajaya Party, was a political party formed in India in 1923 that sought greater self-government and political freedoms for the Indian people from the British Raj. It was inspired by the concept of Swaraj. In December 1922, Chittaranjan Das, Narasimha Chintaman Kelkar and Motilal Nehru formed the Congress- Khilafat Swarajaya Party with Das as the president and Nehru as one of the secretaries. Other prominent leaders included Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy and Subhas Chandra Bose of Bengal, Vithalbhai Patel and other Congress leaders who were becoming dissatisfied with the Congress.
114. The immortal national song Bande Mataram has been written by
Correct Answer:-C ( Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya )
Description:- Vande Mataram is a poem from Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay’s 1882 novel Anandamath. It was written in Bengali and Sanskrit. It is a hymn to Goddess Durga, identified as the national personification of India. It played a vital role in the Indian independence movement, first sung in a political context by Rabindranath Tagore at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress.
115. The Mohemmadan Anglo–Oriental College at Aligarh was founded by
Correct Answer:-D ( Sir Syed Ahmed Khan )
Description:- MAO College (or Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College) was founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, the leader of Muslim renaissance in Indian subcontinent, in 1875 at Aligarh. This later became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. Mohammedan Anglo Oriental (MAO) College in 1875 marks one of the most important events in the educational and social history of modern India. Its establishment is considered as the first significant response of the Indian Muslims to the challenges of post 1857 era. It was an important catalyst in a process of social change among Muslims. Lord Lytton laid the foundation stone of the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College on January 8, 1877. It became Aligarh Muslim University In 1920 by the act of Parliament of India.
116. Who among the following is generally regarded as the pioneer of Local Self-Government in Modern India ?
Correct Answer:-A ( Ripon )
Description:- The real benchmarking of the government policy on decentralization is attributed to Lord Ripon who, in his famous resolution on local self-government on May 18, 1882, recognised the twin considerations of local government: (i) administrative efficiency and (ii) political education.
117. Which one of the following was not a French settlement in India ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Goa )
Description:- Goa is a former Portuguese colony, the Portuguese overseas territory of Portuguese India existed for about 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961. In 1510, the Portuguese defeated the ruling Bijapur kings with the help of a local ally, Timayya, leading to the establishment of a permanent settlement in Velha Goa (or Old Goa).
118. Gandhiji considered Khadi as a symbol of
Correct Answer:-B ( economic independence )
Description:- The Khadi movement aimed at boycotting foreign goods and promoting Indian goods, thereby improving India’s economy. Mahatma Gandhi began promoting the spinning of khadi for rural self-employment and self-reliance (instead of using cloth manufactured industrially in Britain) in 1920s India thus making khadi an integral part and icon of the Swadeshi movement. The freedom struggle revolved around the use of khadi fabrics and the dumping of foreign-made clothes.
119. India Wins Freedom’ is the autobiography of
Correct Answer:-A ( Abul Kalam Azad )
Description:- Abul Kalam Azad spent the final years of his life focusing on writing his book India Wins Freedom, an exhaustive account of India’s freedom struggle and its leaders, which was published in 1957.
120. Gandhi wanted to realise ‘truth’ through :
Correct Answer:-A ( Ahimsa (Non-violence) )
Description:- To Gandhi, truth occupied the first place and Ahimsa, the second. In the course of pursuit of truth, he discovered Ahimsa. He wanted to realize truth through Ahimsa. To him truth was harmony of thoughts with words and of words with actions.
