Union Executive and Legislative Gk Questions

Correct Answer:-B ( Presidential Form of Government. )
Description:-  The presidential system has several advantages. As the President is selected separately from the Legislature, the President and Executive branch are not subject (in most cases) to any form of vote of noconfidence. As such, this leads to continuity in the Executive branch, as the Executive will remain stable over the term of the President. Besides, there is a clear demarcation between the Executive and the Legislative branch, allowing for a more effective set of checks-and-balances to be placed on both branches by the other.

Correct Answer:-B ( 6 months )
Description:-  Article 62 of the Indian Constitution says that ‘An election to fill a vacancy in the office of President occurring by reason of his death, resignation or removal, or otherwise shall be held as soon as possible after, and in no case later than six months from, the date of occurrence of the vacancy, and the person elected to fill the vacancy shall, subject to the provisions of Article 56, be entitled to hold office for the full term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office.’

Correct Answer:-D ( Council of Ministers )
Description:-  The President is the constitutional head of Executive of the Union. Real executive power vests in a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as head. Article 74(1) of the Constitution provides that there shall be a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President who shall, in exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha, the House of the People.

Correct Answer:-B ( Responsible Govern-ment )
Description:-  Responsible government is a conception of a system of government that embodies the principle of parliamentary accountability, the foundation of the Westminster system of parliamentary democracy. Governments (the equivalent of the executive branch) in Westminster democracies are responsible to parliament rather than to the monarch, or, in a colonial context, to the imperial government. If the parliament is bicameral, then the government is responsible first to the parliament’s lower house, which is more numerous, directly elected and thus more representative than the upper house.

Correct Answer:-C ( 30 years )
Description:-  The minimum age for a person to become a member of Rajya Sabha is 30 years. The minimum qualifying age for membership of the Lok Sabha is 25 years.

Correct Answer:-C ( Vice-President )
Description:-  The Vice President of India is the second-highest office in India, after the President. The Vice President is elected indirectly by an electoral college consisting members of both houses of the Parliament. The Vice President would ascend to the Presidency upon the death, resignation, impeachment, or other situations leading to the vacancy in the Office of President.

Correct Answer:-A ( within one month )
Description:-  The President of India has the power to declare three types of emergency. They are National Emergency, State Emergency and Financial Emergency. A proclamation of National Emergency has to be passed in each house of Parliament by more than half of the total members and at least by two-third of the members present and voting. This proclamation will be invalid if it is not passed by both houses within one month. It has to be passed first by the Rajya Sabha if the Lok Sabha stands dissolved at the time of proclamation of National Emergency. It has to be passed within one month of Lok Sabha being reconstituted; otherwise the proclamation will be invalid.

Correct Answer:-B ( 14 days )
Description:-  In the Westminster system (and, colloquially, in the United States), a money bill or supply bill is a bill that solely concerns taxation or government spending (also known as appropriation of money), as opposed to changes in public law. Money bills passed by the Lok Sabha are sent to the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of parliament, elected by the state and territorial legislatures or appointed by the president). The Rajya Sabha may not amend money bills but can recommend amendments. A money bill must be returned to the Lok Sabha within 14 days or the bill is deemed to have passed both houses in the form it was originally passed by the Lok Sabha.

Correct Answer:-C ( Six months )
Description:-  Under Article 85 of the Indian Constitution, the President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament from time to time and to dissolve the Lok Sabha. It is also provided that six months must not intervene between the last sitting in one session and the first sitting in the succeeding session. In other words, the interval between two sessions must not exceed six months.

Correct Answer:-D ( 6 months )
Description:-  Article 85 of the Indian Constitution states that six months must not intervene between the last sitting in one session and the first sitting in the succeeding session. In other words, the interval between two sessions must not exceed six months.

Correct Answer:-B ( Speaker of Lok Sabha )
Description:-  Under the Constitution, the Speaker enjoys a special position insofar as certain matters pertaining to the relations between the two Houses of Parliament are concerned. He certifies Money Bills and decides on money matters by reason of the Lok Sabha’s overriding powers in financial matters. It is the Speaker of the Lok Sabha who presides over joint sittings called in the event of disagreement between the two Houses on a legislative measure. As regards recognition of parliamentary parties it is the Speaker who lays down the necessary guidelines for such recognition.

Correct Answer:-B ( Estimates Committee )
Description:-  The Estimates Committee consists of 30 members who are elected by the Lok Sabha every year from amongst its members. A Minister is not eligible for election to this Committee. The term of the Committee is one year. The main function of the Committee on Estimates is to report what economies, improvements in organisation, efficiency, or administrative reform, consistent with the policy underlying the estimates may be effected and to suggest alternative policies in order to bring about efficiency and economy in administration.

Correct Answer:-C ( Judicial review )
Description:-  Judicial review is the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review (and possible invalidation) by the judiciary. Specific courts with judicial review power must annul the acts of the state when it finds them incompatible with a higher authority (such as the terms of a written constitution). Judicial review is an example of the separation of powers in a modern governmental system (where the judiciary is one of three branches of government).

Correct Answer:-B ( President )
Description:-  The money bill originates only in the Lok Sabha. No money bill can be introduced in the Lok Sabha without the prior approval of the president.

Correct Answer:-C ( Setting up of new All-India Services )
Description:-  Under the Constitution the Rajya Sabha is granted some powers exclusively. The Rajya Sabha, under Article 249, may by a special majority of two-thirds votes adopt a resolution asking the Parliament to make laws on subjects of the State list, in the national interest. Secondly, Rajya Sabha can take steps to create All India Services by adopting resolutions supported by special majority in the national interest. If the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution by a majority of not less than two- third of the members present and voting that it is necessary or expedient in the national interest, to create one or more all- India services, Parliament by law may provide for such services. Thirdly, Rajya Sabha has the exclusive right to initiate a resolution for the removal of the Vice- President.

Correct Answer:-D ( None of these )
Description:-  Rajya Sabha is a permanent House and is not subject to dissolution. However, one-third Members of Rajya Sabha retire after every second year. A member who is elected for a full term serves for a period of six years. The election held to fill a vacancy arising otherwise than by retirement of a member on the expiration of his term of office is called ‘Byeelection’. A member elected in a bye-election remains member for the remainder of the term of the member who had resigned or died or disqualified to be member of the House under the Tenth Schedule.

Correct Answer:-A ( Right to privacy )
Description:-  Judicial activism has brought the Right to Privacy within the realm of Fundamental Rights. The Supreme Court of India has construed “right to privacy” as a part of the Fundamental Right to “protection of life and personal liberty” under Article 21 of the Constitution, which states “no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedures established by law”. In the context of personal liberty, the Supreme Court has observed “those who feel called upon to deprive other persons of their personal liberty in the discharge of what they conceive to be their duty must strictly and scrupulously observe the forms and rules of the law”.

Correct Answer:-B ( Estimates Committee )
Description:-  The Estimates Committee, constituted for the first time in 1950, is a Parliamentary Committee consisting of 30 Members, elected every year by the Lok Sabha from amongst its Members. The Chairman of the Committee is appointed by the Speaker from amongst its members. A Minister cannot be elected as a member of the Committee and if a member after his election to the Committee, is appointed a Minister, he ceases to be a member of the Committee from the date of such appointment.

Correct Answer:-A ( Ireland )
Description:-  The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from the Irish Constitution. The makers of the Constitution of India were influenced by the Irish nationalist movement. Hence, the Directive Principles of the Indian constitution have been greatly influenced by the Directive Principles of State Policy.

Correct Answer:-B ( Both Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha )
Description:-  Three subject lists, the Union list, the State list, and the Concurrent list, define the legislative powers of each level of government. All residuary powers are vested with the Parliament of India. In the U.S.A. and Australia the residuary powers are given to the States. In Canada they vest in the Union.

Correct Answer:-B ( Elected members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha )
Description:-  The Vice President is elected indirectly, by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of the Parliament. The election of the Vice President is slightly different from the election of the President—the members of state legislatures are not part of the electoral college for Vice Presidential election. The election is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote and the voting in such election is by secret ballot.

Correct Answer:-C ( swearing in members and hold charge till a regular Speaker is elected )
Description:-  In the first meeting after election in which speaker and vice speaker is selected by members of parliament, that meeting is hold under the senior most member of parliament is called protem speaker.

Correct Answer:-C ( A person from the panel formed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha )
Description:-  In the absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker discharges his functions. A member from the Panel of Chairmen presides over the House in the absence of both the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker.

Correct Answer:-D ( President, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha )
Description:-  The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body in India. Founded in 1919, the Parliament alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all political bodies in India. The Parliament comprises the President of India and the two Houses—Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States).

Correct Answer:-C ( 30 years )
Description:-  Article 84 of the Constitution lays down the qualifications for membership of Parliament. A person to be qualified for the membership of the Rajya Sabha should be a citizen of India and make and subscribe before some person authorized in that behalf by the Election Commission an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule to the Constitution; and he must be not less than 30 years of age.

Correct Answer:-D ( Separation of Powers )
Description:-  In democratic systems of governance based on the trias politica, a fundamental parallel and a fundamental difference exists between presidential systems and constitutional monarchic parliamentary system of government. The parallel is that the three branches of government (legislative, executive, judicial) exist largely independent of each other, with their own prerogatives, domains of activity, and exercises of control over each other. In presidential systems, the incumbent of the Head-of-state is elected to office and, after transfer of power, appoints his administration (like in the United States, with unitary executive) or a government headed by a prime minister is formed within the parliament, based on the elected majority (like in France). The latter might lead to a “cohabitation” where a president and his government belonging to different parties or coalitions.

Correct Answer:-B ( 6 months )
Description:-  The period during which the House meets to conduct its business is called a session. The Constitution empowers the President to summon each House at such intervals that there should not be more than 6 month’s gap between the two sessions. Hence the Parliament must meet at least twice a year. In India, the parliament conducts three sessions each year.

Correct Answer:-C ( Concurrent List )
Description:-  The subjects defined and enlisted under the List-III of the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, form the joint domain of both the State Governments and the Union territories of India as well as the Central Government of India under these subjects. This is known as Concurrent List. The practical importance of the Concurrent list, (when adopted in any federation) lies in the fact, that the vesting of the same type of power in two parallel agencies carries, within it, the seeds of a possible conflict. This implies, that the Constitution (of the country concerned) should provide, in advance, a mechanism for resolving such conflict. In India, article 254 of the Constitution primarily seeks to incorporate such a mechanism.

Correct Answer:-B ( 238)
Description:-  Membership is limited to 250 members, 12 of whom are nominated by the President of India for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. The remainder of the body is elected by the state and territorial legislatures. Terms of office are six years, with one third of the members retiring every two years.

Correct Answer:-D ( both 2 and 3)
Description:-  In case of a deadlock between the two houses or in a case where more than six months lapse in the other house, the President may summon a joint session of the two houses which is presided over by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the deadlock is resolved by simple majority. Until now, only three bills: the Dowry Prohibition Act (1961), the Banking Service Commission Repeal Bill (1978) and the Prevention of Terrorism Bill (2002) have been passed at joint sessions.