121. Which one of the following kinds of equality is not compatible with the liberal notion of equality ?
Correct Answer:-D ( Economic Equality )
Description:- The liberal notions of equality is linked to legal and political equality which were invoked in the 18th and 19th centuries to bring rule of law, citizenship, voting rights, etc, considered essential for democracy. However, when demands for equality in other dimensions, namely social and economic, were raised in the 19th century by the workers, Lord Acton, Alex de Tocqueville and others vehemently opposed them. Laissez faire was found incompatible with economic redistribution and so found opposed to economic equality (Political Theory by H. Abbas & R. Kumar, p. 348).
122. Political liberty implies
Correct Answer:-B ( free political activities of the people )
Description:- Political liberty is the state or condition of those who are invested with the right effectually to share in framing and conducting the government under which they are politically organized. In other words, it means freedom in the exercise of political activities.
123. Which one of the following is an item included in the list of Fundamental Duties of an Indian citizen in the Constitution ?
Correct Answer:-B ( To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of enquiry and reform. )
Description:- The fundamental duty is: to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform. There are 11 fundamental duties under Article 51A of the Indian Constitution.
124. When were the Fundamental Duties incorporated in the Constitution ?
Correct Answer:-B ( 1976)
Description:- The Forty Second Constitution Amendment Act, 1976 has incorporated ten Fundamental Duties in Article 51(A) of the constitution of India. This was done in accordance with the recommendation of the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee. India adopted Fundamental Duties from the Constitution of erstwhile USSR.
125. How many fundamental duties are there in our Indian Constitution ?
Correct Answer:-A ( 11)
Description:- Originally ten in number, the Fundamental Duties were increased to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which added a duty on every parent or guardian to ensure that their child or ward was provided opportunities for education between the ages of six and fourteen years. The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
126. The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy in Indian Constitution is adopted from that of
Correct Answer:-B ( US and UK )
Description:- The Directive Principles of State Policy, embodied in Part IV of the Constitution, was borrowed from the Irish Constitution. They are directions given to the State to guide the establishment of an economic and social democracy, as proposed by the Preamble.
127. Which one of the following chapters in the Indian Constitution guarantees Fundamental Rights to the people?
Correct Answer:-D ( Part III )
Description:- The Fundamental Rights are defined in Part III of the Constitution. Article 12 to Article 35 under Part III cover six fundamental rights recognised by the Indian constitution: Right to equality, Right to freedom, Right against exploitation, Right to freedom of religion, Cultural and Educational rights, and Right to constitutional remedies.
128. The directive principles incorporated in the Indian Constitution have been inspired by the constitution of
Correct Answer:-B ( Ireland )
Description:- The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines or principles given to the central and state governments of India, to be kept in mind while framing laws and policies. The principles have been inspired by the Directive Principles given in the Constitution of Ireland and also by the principles of Gandhism. The Directive Principles of State Policy are contained in Part IV, Articles 36-51 of the Indian constitution.
129. In which of the following Articles, citizenship rights of people who migreated from Pakistan to India is mentioned ?
Correct Answer:-C ( Article-6 )
Description:- Article 6 of Indian Constitution deals with the rights of citizenship of persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan. It states that a person who migrated from Pakistan to India before 19 July 1948 shall be considered a citizen of India, provided either of the person’s parents or any of his grandparents were born in India and has been residing since the date of migration.
130. The Directive Principles of State Policy has been adopted from which Constitution?
Correct Answer:-C ( Irish Constitution )
Description:- The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian constitution have been inspired by the Directive Principles given in the Constitution of Ireland. They are the guidelines or principles given to the central and state governments of India, to be kept in mind while framing laws and policies. These provisions, contained in Part IV (Article 36-51) of the Constitution of India.
131. The source of authority of the Indian Constitution is:
Correct Answer:-C ( The People of India )
Description:- The preamble of the Indian Constitution mentions that the Constitution derives its authority from the people of India. The words in the preamble- “We, the people of India. adopt, enact and give to ourselves this Constitution” declare the ultimate sovereignty of the people of India and that the constitution rests on their authority.
132. Which of the following attribute in the Preamble states that ‘No one should treat a fellow citizen as inferior’?
Correct Answer:-D ( Fraternity )
Description:- The feature of ‘FRATERNITY’ in the Indian constitution assures the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation. According to it, all of us should behave as if we are members of the same family. No one should treat a fellow citizen as inferior.
133. Right to Constitutional Remedies comes under ______
Correct Answer:-B ( Fundamental rights )
Description:- Article 32 of the Indian constitution provides for constitutional remedies against the violation or transgression of fundamental rights. Under it, a person has right to move to Supreme Court (and high courts also) for getting his fundamental rights protected. That is why Dr. Ambedkar called the Right to Constitutional Remedies, ‘the heart and soul’ of our Constitution.
134. Which of the following is not guaranteed by Indian Constitution?
Correct Answer:-D ( Right to free education for all )
Description:- The Indian constitution guarantees Right to Equality (Article 14-18), Right to religious freedom (Article 25-28) and Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32). Article 21 A inserted in the constitution via 86th Constitution Amendment Act provides for Right to Education. It made Right to Education a Fundamental Right for children in the range of 6-14 years.
135. The Preventive Detention Act curtailed
Correct Answer:-A ( Right to Freedom )
Description:- The Preventive Detention Act was enacted in 1950 to provide for preventive detention in certain cases and matter connected therewith. It empowered the government to imprison a person in jail or put him to custody either for committing a crime or in the apprehension of committing a crime in future. It curtailed Right to freedom contained in Articles 19, 20, 21, 21A and 22. Clauses (4) to (7) of Article 22 contain safeguards relating to preventive detention matter.
136. Ideas of welfare state are contained in
Correct Answer:-B ( Directive Principles of State Policy )
Description:- The directive principles of state policy, contained in Articles 36-51 under Part IV of Indian constitution, lays down the contours of welfare state. For example, Article 38 (1) provides that the state shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and protecting a social order based on social, economic and political justice.
137. Indian Citizenship is granted by
Correct Answer:-C ( The Ministry of Home Affairs )
Description:- The Union Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for granting Indian citizenship. Indian citizenship can be acquired by birth, descent, registration and naturalization. The conditions and procedure for acquisition of Indian citizenship as per the provision of the Citizenship Act, 1955.
138. The term ‘Fraternity’ in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution means a sense of
Correct Answer:-D ( brotherhood )
Description:- Fraternity as enshrined in the Preamble to the Indian Constitution means a sense of brotherhood prevailing amon-gst all the sections of the people. This is sought to be achieved by making the State secular, guaranteeing fundamental and other rights equally to people of all sections, and protecting their interests.
139. Which of the following authorities is/are competent to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
Correct Answer:-C ( Supreme Court and High Courts )
Description:- Both the Supreme Court (Article 139) and the High Courts (Article 226) are empowered to issue writs including habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quowarranto and certiorari for the enforcement of the fundamental rights of an aggrieved citizen. While the Supreme Court can issue writs only for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights, the high courts can issue writs for other purposes as well.
